Abstract：
Acute diarrheal diseases are a leading cause of childhood mortality and morbidity worldwide. Psidium guajava has been globally used for its antidiarrheal potential. We conducted a systematic review of scientific articles published up to the year 2021, which included in vivo pre-clinical tests and clinical trials involving patients with acute infectious diarrhea to verify the antidiarrheal, antibacterial and antispasmodic effects of galenic preparations or phytopharmaceuticals from P. guajava. PRISMA and Rayyan were used as tools for the selection of studies collected in four databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct). The keywords used to carry out the search were: \'Psidium guajava\', \'guava\', \'antidiarrhe*\' and \'diarrhe*\', joined by Boolean operators \'OR\' or \'AND\'. The characteristics of studies in animal models of acute diarrhea induction, as well as in vivo and in vitro motility and microbiological tests linked with its main pathophysiological mechanisms, were collected. Twenty-three articles were included. Twenty (87%) of these reported heterogenic preclinical studies, predominating pharmacological studies of efficacy against conventional antidiarrheal agents, which utilized relevant outcomes and models of infectious diarrhea from the top pathogens in the clinic along with classical castor oil-induced diarrhea associated with motility tests. Only three articles (13%) corresponded to clinical trials investigating the efficacy, dose and safety of these preparations. Most studies reported positive results and significant mechanistic evidence from antibacterial, anti-motility, anti-secretory and protective/anti-inflammatory perspectives. However, further studies are needed to define the clinical significance and safety treatment with P. guajava extracts. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
摘要：
背景：急性腹泻病是全球儿童死亡率和发病率的主要原因。Psidiumguajava因其止泻潜力而被全球使用。对2021年之前发表的科学文章进行系统审查，包括体内临床前试验和涉及急性感染性腹泻患者的临床试验，以验证止泻药，抗菌，和抗痉挛作用的盖仑制剂或植物药物从guajava。PRISMA和Rayyan被用作选择四个数据库中收集的研究的工具(Pubmed，Scopus,WebofScience,和科学直接)。用于进行搜索的关键字是：\“Psidiumguajava\”，\"番石榴\",“止泻*”，\“腹泻*\”，通过布尔运算符\"OR\"或\"AND\"连接。急性腹泻诱导动物模型的研究特点,以及与其主要病理生理机制相关的体内和体外运动和微生物学测试，被收集。
结论：包括23篇文章。他们的20项(87%)报告了异基因临床前研究，对常规止泻药的疗效的主要药理学研究，该研究利用了临床上顶级病原体的感染性腹泻的相关结果和模型，以及与运动试验相关的经典蓖麻油引起的腹泻。其中只有三个（13％）符合临床试验，以研究疗效，剂量,以及这些制剂的安全性。大多数研究报告了抗菌药物的阳性结果和重要的机械证据，抗运动性，抗分泌，和保护/抗炎的观点。然而,需要进一步的研究来确定番石榴提取物的临床意义和安全性。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
结论：包括23篇文章。他们的20项(87%)报告了异基因临床前研究，对常规止泻药的疗效的主要药理学研究，该研究利用了临床上顶级病原体的感染性腹泻的相关结果和模型，以及与运动试验相关的经典蓖麻油引起的腹泻。其中只有三个（13％）符合临床试验，以研究疗效，剂量,以及这些制剂的安全性。大多数研究报告了抗菌药物的阳性结果和重要的机械证据，抗运动性，抗分泌，和保护/抗炎的观点。然而,需要进一步的研究来确定番石榴提取物的临床意义和安全性。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
