PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between democratic quality and excess mortality produced in the year 2020 before COVID-19 vaccinations were generalised. Using cross-sectional data from 80 countries on five continents, multiple linear regression models between excess mortality, the general democracy index and its disaggregation into five categories: electoral process and pluralism, government functioning, political participation, political culture and civil liberties were estimated. The analysis also considered, public health spending per capita, overweight inhabitants, the average temperature of the country, population over 65 years of age, The KOF Globalisation Index, and the Gross National Income per capita as control variables. It was possible to establish a strong inverse association between excess mortality per million inhabitants and the general democracy index and four of its five categories. There was a particularly strong relationship between excess mortality and the political culture dimension (-326.50, p < 0.001). The results suggest that the higher the democratic quality of the political institutions of a State and particularly of their political culture the more improved the response and management of the pandemic was in preventing deaths and protecting their citizens more effectively. Conversely, countries with lower democracy index values have higher excess mortality. Quality democratic political institutions provide more effective public health policies in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是分析在COVID-19疫苗普及之前，民主质量与2020年产生的超额死亡率之间的关系。使用来自五大洲80个国家的横截面数据，超额死亡率之间的多元线性回归模型，一般民主指数及其分为五类:选举过程和多元化，政府运作,政治参与,估计了政治文化和公民自由。分析还认为，人均公共卫生支出，超重居民,全国的平均气温,65岁以上的人口，KOF全球化指数，人均国民总收入作为控制变量。可以在每百万居民的超额死亡率与一般民主指数及其五个类别中的四个类别之间建立强烈的负相关关系。超额死亡率与政治文化维度之间存在特别强的关系(-326.50,p<0.001)。结果表明，一个国家的政治机构，特别是其政治文化的民主质量越高，在预防死亡和更有效地保护其公民方面，对大流行的反应和管理就越好。相反，民主指数较低的国家有更高的超额死亡率。面对COVID-19大流行，优质的民主政治机构提供了更有效的公共卫生政策。
