PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Aortic arch (AA) branching patterns vary among different mammalian species. Most previous studies have focused on dogs, whereas those on raccoon dogs remain unexplored.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the AA branching pattern in raccoon dogs and compare their morphological features with those of other carnivores.
METHODS: We prepared silicone cast specimens from a total of 36 raccoon dog carcasses via retrograde injection through the abdominal aorta. The brachiocephalic trunk (BCT) branching patterns were classified based on the relationship between the left and right common carotid arteries. The subclavian artery (SB) branching pattern was examined based on the order of the four major branches: the vertebral artery (VT), costocervical trunk (CCT), superficial cervical artery (SC), and internal thoracic artery (IT).
RESULTS: In most cases (88.6%), the BCT branched off from the left common carotid artery and terminated in the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries. In the remaining cases (11.4%), the BCT formed a bicarotid trunk. The SB exhibited various branching patterns, with 26 observed types. Based on the branching order of the four major branches, we identified the main branching pattern, in which the VT branched first (98.6%), the CCT branched second (81.9%), the SC branched third (62.5%), and the IT branched fourth (52.8%).
CONCLUSIONS: The AA branching pattern in raccoon dogs exhibited various branching patterns with both similarities and differences compared to other carnivores.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the AA branching pattern in raccoon dogs and compare their morphological features with those of other carnivores.
METHODS: We prepared silicone cast specimens from a total of 36 raccoon dog carcasses via retrograde injection through the abdominal aorta. The brachiocephalic trunk (BCT) branching patterns were classified based on the relationship between the left and right common carotid arteries. The subclavian artery (SB) branching pattern was examined based on the order of the four major branches: the vertebral artery (VT), costocervical trunk (CCT), superficial cervical artery (SC), and internal thoracic artery (IT).
RESULTS: In most cases (88.6%), the BCT branched off from the left common carotid artery and terminated in the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries. In the remaining cases (11.4%), the BCT formed a bicarotid trunk. The SB exhibited various branching patterns, with 26 observed types. Based on the branching order of the four major branches, we identified the main branching pattern, in which the VT branched first (98.6%), the CCT branched second (81.9%), the SC branched third (62.5%), and the IT branched fourth (52.8%).
CONCLUSIONS: The AA branching pattern in raccoon dogs exhibited various branching patterns with both similarities and differences compared to other carnivores.
摘要：
背景：主动脉弓（AA）分支模式在不同哺乳动物物种之间有所不同。以前的大多数研究都集中在狗身上，而浣熊狗上的那些仍未被探索。
目的：本研究的目的是描述浣熊犬的AA分支模式，并将其形态特征与其他食肉动物的形态特征进行比较。
方法：我们通过腹主动脉逆行注射，从总共36只浣熊犬尸体中制备了硅胶铸模标本。根据左右颈总动脉之间的关系对头臂干（BCT）分支模式进行分类。根据四个主要分支的顺序检查锁骨下动脉（SB）分支模式：椎动脉（VT），肋颈干(CCT),颈浅动脉(SC),和胸廓内动脉（IT）。
结果：在大多数情况下（88.6％），BCT从左颈总动脉分支，终止于右颈总动脉和右锁骨下动脉。在其余情况下（11.4%），BCT形成了一个二颈干.SB表现出各种分支模式，有26种观察类型。根据四大分支的分支顺序，我们确定了主要的分支模式，其中VT首先分支(98.6%)，CCT分支第二(81.9%)，SC分支第三(62.5%)，信息技术分支排名第四（52.8%）。
结论：与其他食肉动物相比，浣熊犬的AA分支模式表现出各种分支模式，具有相似性和差异性。
目的：本研究的目的是描述浣熊犬的AA分支模式，并将其形态特征与其他食肉动物的形态特征进行比较。
方法：我们通过腹主动脉逆行注射，从总共36只浣熊犬尸体中制备了硅胶铸模标本。根据左右颈总动脉之间的关系对头臂干（BCT）分支模式进行分类。根据四个主要分支的顺序检查锁骨下动脉（SB）分支模式：椎动脉（VT），肋颈干(CCT),颈浅动脉(SC),和胸廓内动脉（IT）。
结果：在大多数情况下（88.6％），BCT从左颈总动脉分支，终止于右颈总动脉和右锁骨下动脉。在其余情况下（11.4%），BCT形成了一个二颈干.SB表现出各种分支模式，有26种观察类型。根据四大分支的分支顺序，我们确定了主要的分支模式，其中VT首先分支(98.6%)，CCT分支第二(81.9%)，SC分支第三(62.5%)，信息技术分支排名第四（52.8%）。
结论：与其他食肉动物相比，浣熊犬的AA分支模式表现出各种分支模式，具有相似性和差异性。
