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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the computed tomography (CT) characteristics of air-containing space and its specific patterns in neoplastic and non-neoplastic ground glass nodules (GGNs) for clarifying their significance in differential diagnosis.
METHODS: From January 2015 to October 2022, 1328 patients with 1,350 neoplastic GGNs and 462 patients with 465 non-neoplastic GGNs were retrospectively enrolled. Their clinical and CT data were analyzed and compared with emphasis on revealing the differences of air-containing space and its specific patterns (air bronchogram and bubble-like lucency [BLL]) between neoplastic and non-neoplastic GGNs and their significance in differentiating them.
RESULTS: Compared with patients with non-neoplastic GGNs, female was more common (P < 0.001) and lesions were larger (P < 0.001) in those with neoplastic ones. Air bronchogram (30.1% vs. 17.2%), and BLL (13.0% vs. 2.6%) were all more frequent in neoplastic GGNs than in non-neoplastic ones (each P < 0.001), and the BLL had the highest specificity (93.6%) in differentiation. Among neoplastic GGNs, the BLL was more frequently detected in the larger (14.9 ± 6.0 mm vs. 11.4 ± 4.9 mm, P < 0.001) and part-solid (15.3% vs. 10.7%, P = 0.011) ones, and its incidence significantly increased along with the invasiveness (9.5-18.0%, P = 0.001), whereas no significant correlation was observed between the occurrence of BLL and lesion size, attenuation, or invasiveness.
CONCLUSIONS: The air containing space and its specific patterns are of great value in differentiating GGNs, while BLL is a more specific and independent sign of neoplasms.
METHODS: From January 2015 to October 2022, 1328 patients with 1,350 neoplastic GGNs and 462 patients with 465 non-neoplastic GGNs were retrospectively enrolled. Their clinical and CT data were analyzed and compared with emphasis on revealing the differences of air-containing space and its specific patterns (air bronchogram and bubble-like lucency [BLL]) between neoplastic and non-neoplastic GGNs and their significance in differentiating them.
RESULTS: Compared with patients with non-neoplastic GGNs, female was more common (P < 0.001) and lesions were larger (P < 0.001) in those with neoplastic ones. Air bronchogram (30.1% vs. 17.2%), and BLL (13.0% vs. 2.6%) were all more frequent in neoplastic GGNs than in non-neoplastic ones (each P < 0.001), and the BLL had the highest specificity (93.6%) in differentiation. Among neoplastic GGNs, the BLL was more frequently detected in the larger (14.9 ± 6.0 mm vs. 11.4 ± 4.9 mm, P < 0.001) and part-solid (15.3% vs. 10.7%, P = 0.011) ones, and its incidence significantly increased along with the invasiveness (9.5-18.0%, P = 0.001), whereas no significant correlation was observed between the occurrence of BLL and lesion size, attenuation, or invasiveness.
CONCLUSIONS: The air containing space and its specific patterns are of great value in differentiating GGNs, while BLL is a more specific and independent sign of neoplasms.
摘要：
目的：探讨肿瘤和非肿瘤磨玻璃结节（GGNs）的含空气间隙的计算机断层扫描（CT）特征及其特定模式，以阐明其在鉴别诊断中的意义。
方法：2015年1月至2022年10月，回顾性纳入1328例1,350例肿瘤性GGNs和462例465例非肿瘤性GGNs患者。对他们的临床和CT数据进行了分析和比较，重点揭示了肿瘤和非肿瘤GGN之间的含空气空间及其特定模式（空气支气管图和气泡状透明度[BLL]）的差异及其意义。区分它们。
结果：与非肿瘤性GGNs患者相比，在肿瘤患者中，女性更常见（P<0.001），病变更大（P<0.001）。空气支气管图（30.1%vs.17.2%），和BLL（13.0%与2.6%)在肿瘤性GGNs中的频率都高于非肿瘤性GGNs(每个P<0.001)，BLL的分化特异性最高(93.6%)。在肿瘤性GGN中，BLL在较大的区域中检测到的频率更高(14.9±6.0mm与11.4±4.9mm,P<0.001）和部分固体（15.3%vs.10.7%,P=0.011)个,其发病率随着侵袭性而显著增加(9.5-18.0%，P=0.001),而BLL的发生与病变大小之间没有观察到显着的相关性，衰减，或侵入性。
结论：包含空气的空间及其特定模式在区分GGN方面具有重要价值，而BLL是一种更特异性和独立的肿瘤。
方法：2015年1月至2022年10月，回顾性纳入1328例1,350例肿瘤性GGNs和462例465例非肿瘤性GGNs患者。对他们的临床和CT数据进行了分析和比较，重点揭示了肿瘤和非肿瘤GGN之间的含空气空间及其特定模式（空气支气管图和气泡状透明度[BLL]）的差异及其意义。区分它们。
结果：与非肿瘤性GGNs患者相比，在肿瘤患者中，女性更常见（P<0.001），病变更大（P<0.001）。空气支气管图（30.1%vs.17.2%），和BLL（13.0%与2.6%)在肿瘤性GGNs中的频率都高于非肿瘤性GGNs(每个P<0.001)，BLL的分化特异性最高(93.6%)。在肿瘤性GGN中，BLL在较大的区域中检测到的频率更高(14.9±6.0mm与11.4±4.9mm,P<0.001）和部分固体（15.3%vs.10.7%,P=0.011)个,其发病率随着侵袭性而显著增加(9.5-18.0%，P=0.001),而BLL的发生与病变大小之间没有观察到显着的相关性，衰减，或侵入性。
结论：包含空气的空间及其特定模式在区分GGN方面具有重要价值，而BLL是一种更特异性和独立的肿瘤。
