PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: There is no universal agreement on what competence in disaster medicine is, nor what competences and personal attributes add value for disaster responders. Some studies suggest that disaster responders need not only technical skills but also non-technical skills. Consensus of which non-technical skills are needed and how training for these can be provided is lacking, and little is known about how to apply knowledge of non-technical skills in the recruitment of disaster responders. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to identify the non-technical skills required for the disaster medicine response.
METHODS: A scooping review using the Arksey & O´Malley framework was performed. Structured searches in the databases PuBMed, CINAHL Full Plus, Web of Science, PsycInfo and Scopus was conducted. Thereafter, data were structured and analyzed.
RESULTS: From an initial search result of 6447 articles, 34 articles were included in the study. These covered both quantitative and qualitative studies and different contexts, including real events and training. The most often studied real event were responses following earthquakes. Four non-technical skills stood out as most frequently mentioned: communication skills; situational awareness; knowledge of human resources and organization and coordination skills; decision-making, critical-thinking and problem-solving skills. The review also showed a significant lack of uniform use of terms like skills or competence in the reviewed articles.
CONCLUSIONS: Non-technical skills are skills that disaster responders need. Which non-technical skills are most needed, how to train and measure non-technical skills, and how to implement non-technical skills in disaster medicine need further studies.
METHODS: A scooping review using the Arksey & O´Malley framework was performed. Structured searches in the databases PuBMed, CINAHL Full Plus, Web of Science, PsycInfo and Scopus was conducted. Thereafter, data were structured and analyzed.
RESULTS: From an initial search result of 6447 articles, 34 articles were included in the study. These covered both quantitative and qualitative studies and different contexts, including real events and training. The most often studied real event were responses following earthquakes. Four non-technical skills stood out as most frequently mentioned: communication skills; situational awareness; knowledge of human resources and organization and coordination skills; decision-making, critical-thinking and problem-solving skills. The review also showed a significant lack of uniform use of terms like skills or competence in the reviewed articles.
CONCLUSIONS: Non-technical skills are skills that disaster responders need. Which non-technical skills are most needed, how to train and measure non-technical skills, and how to implement non-technical skills in disaster medicine need further studies.
摘要：
背景：关于灾难医学的能力是什么，尚无普遍共识，也没有什么能力和个人属性增加灾难响应者的价值。一些研究表明，救灾人员不仅需要技术技能，还需要非技术技能。缺乏关于需要哪些非技术技能以及如何提供这些技能的培训的共识，很少有人知道如何将非技术技能的知识应用于招聘救灾人员。因此,这项范围审查旨在确定灾难医学应对所需的非技术技能。
方法：使用Arksey&O'Malley框架进行了调查。在数据库中进行结构化搜索，CINAHLFullPlus,WebofScience,进行了PsycInfo和Scopus。此后,数据进行了结构化和分析。
结果：从6447篇文章的初始搜索结果来看，该研究包括34篇文章。这些涵盖了定量和定性研究以及不同的背景，包括真实的事件和训练。最常研究的真实事件是地震后的反应。最常提到的四种非技术技能：沟通技能；态势感知；人力资源知识和组织与协调技能；决策，批判性思维和解决问题的能力。审查还显示，在审查的文章中，技能或能力等术语的使用明显缺乏统一。
结论：非技术技能是灾难救援人员需要的技能。哪些非技术技能是最需要的，如何培训和衡量非技术技能，以及如何在灾难医学中实施非技术技能需要进一步研究。
方法：使用Arksey&O'Malley框架进行了调查。在数据库中进行结构化搜索，CINAHLFullPlus,WebofScience,进行了PsycInfo和Scopus。此后,数据进行了结构化和分析。
结果：从6447篇文章的初始搜索结果来看，该研究包括34篇文章。这些涵盖了定量和定性研究以及不同的背景，包括真实的事件和训练。最常研究的真实事件是地震后的反应。最常提到的四种非技术技能：沟通技能；态势感知；人力资源知识和组织与协调技能；决策，批判性思维和解决问题的能力。审查还显示，在审查的文章中，技能或能力等术语的使用明显缺乏统一。
结论：非技术技能是灾难救援人员需要的技能。哪些非技术技能是最需要的，如何培训和衡量非技术技能，以及如何在灾难医学中实施非技术技能需要进一步研究。
