Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To create a reproducible and standardized urethral stricture model in rats, evaluating both histomorphologic findings and gene expression data. In studies involving experimental animals, more standardization is needed for the creation of a urethral stricture model.
METHODS: Sixteen male rats were randomized into two groups. The Sham group (n:8) underwent only a penoscrotal incision, while the stricture group (n:8) had their urethras exposed through a penoscrotal incision, followed by electrocauterization to the corpus spongiosum. On the 15th day, blood and urethral tissues were harvested for histologic and molecular analyses. Histomorphologic, immunohistochemical, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses were performed.
RESULTS: The stricture group exhibited more severe and intense spongiofibrosis, inflammation, epithelial desquamation, and congestion in vascular structures compared to the controls (p < 0.05). The urethral tissue in the stricture group showed an increased ratio of inflammation parameters, including Collagen 1A1, Collagen 3A1, elastin, Transforming growth factor β1, α Smooth muscle actin, Platelet-derived growth factor α, and Platelet-derived growth factor β. Transforming growth factor β1, Platelet-derived growth factor α, and Platelet-derived growth factor β each correlated highly with the other six parameters (r > 0.60, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Developing electrocoagulation-induced urethral stricture in rats is a simple, reliable, inexpensive, and reproducible. Reporting histologic data with qualitative and semi-quantitative scoring will enhance data standardization, aiding reader understanding and analysis. Transforming growth factor β and Platelet-derived growth factor play key roles in fibrosis during stricture development. Incorporating these cytokines in urethral stricture animal model studies can demonstrate successful stenosis creation.
METHODS: Sixteen male rats were randomized into two groups. The Sham group (n:8) underwent only a penoscrotal incision, while the stricture group (n:8) had their urethras exposed through a penoscrotal incision, followed by electrocauterization to the corpus spongiosum. On the 15th day, blood and urethral tissues were harvested for histologic and molecular analyses. Histomorphologic, immunohistochemical, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses were performed.
RESULTS: The stricture group exhibited more severe and intense spongiofibrosis, inflammation, epithelial desquamation, and congestion in vascular structures compared to the controls (p < 0.05). The urethral tissue in the stricture group showed an increased ratio of inflammation parameters, including Collagen 1A1, Collagen 3A1, elastin, Transforming growth factor β1, α Smooth muscle actin, Platelet-derived growth factor α, and Platelet-derived growth factor β. Transforming growth factor β1, Platelet-derived growth factor α, and Platelet-derived growth factor β each correlated highly with the other six parameters (r > 0.60, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Developing electrocoagulation-induced urethral stricture in rats is a simple, reliable, inexpensive, and reproducible. Reporting histologic data with qualitative and semi-quantitative scoring will enhance data standardization, aiding reader understanding and analysis. Transforming growth factor β and Platelet-derived growth factor play key roles in fibrosis during stricture development. Incorporating these cytokines in urethral stricture animal model studies can demonstrate successful stenosis creation.
摘要：
目的：建立可重复性、标准化的大鼠尿道狭窄模型，评估组织形态学发现和基因表达数据。在涉及实验动物的研究中，尿道狭窄模型的创建需要更多的标准化。
方法：16只雄性大鼠随机分为两组。假手术组(n:8)只做了一个阴囊切口,而狭窄组（n:8）的尿道通过阴囊切口暴露，然后对海绵体进行电灼烧。在第15天，收集血液和尿道组织进行组织学和分子分析.组织形态学,免疫组织化学，进行逆转录聚合酶链反应分析。
结果：狭窄组表现出更严重和更强烈的海绵状纤维化，炎症,上皮脱屑，与对照组相比，血管结构充血（p<0.05）。狭窄组尿道组织炎症参数比例增高,包括胶原蛋白1A1，胶原蛋白3A1，弹性蛋白，转化生长因子β1,α平滑肌肌动蛋白,血小板源性生长因子α,和血小板衍生生长因子β。转化生长因子β1,血小板源性生长因子α,和血小板源性生长因子β均与其他六个参数高度相关（r>0.60，p<0.05）。
结论：发展电凝致大鼠尿道狭窄是一种简单的，可靠,便宜,和可重复的。通过定性和半定量评分报告组织学数据将增强数据标准化，帮助读者理解和分析。转化生长因子β和血小板衍生生长因子在狭窄发展过程中的纤维化中起关键作用。在尿道狭窄动物模型研究中结合这些细胞因子可以证明成功的狭窄产生。
方法：16只雄性大鼠随机分为两组。假手术组(n:8)只做了一个阴囊切口,而狭窄组（n:8）的尿道通过阴囊切口暴露，然后对海绵体进行电灼烧。在第15天，收集血液和尿道组织进行组织学和分子分析.组织形态学,免疫组织化学，进行逆转录聚合酶链反应分析。
结果：狭窄组表现出更严重和更强烈的海绵状纤维化，炎症,上皮脱屑，与对照组相比，血管结构充血（p<0.05）。狭窄组尿道组织炎症参数比例增高,包括胶原蛋白1A1，胶原蛋白3A1，弹性蛋白，转化生长因子β1,α平滑肌肌动蛋白,血小板源性生长因子α,和血小板衍生生长因子β。转化生长因子β1,血小板源性生长因子α,和血小板源性生长因子β均与其他六个参数高度相关（r>0.60，p<0.05）。
结论：发展电凝致大鼠尿道狭窄是一种简单的，可靠,便宜,和可重复的。通过定性和半定量评分报告组织学数据将增强数据标准化，帮助读者理解和分析。转化生长因子β和血小板衍生生长因子在狭窄发展过程中的纤维化中起关键作用。在尿道狭窄动物模型研究中结合这些细胞因子可以证明成功的狭窄产生。
