Abstract：
The blood-testis barrier (BTB) is formed adjacent to the seminiferous basement membrane. It is a distinct ultrastructure, partitioning testicular seminiferous epithelium into apical (adluminal) and basal compartments. It plays a vital role in developing and maturing spermatocytes into spermatozoa via reorganizing its structure. This enables the transportation of preleptotene spermatocytes across the BTB, from basal to adluminal compartments in the seminiferous tubules. Several bioactive peptides and biomolecules secreted by testicular cells regulate the BTB function and support spermatogenesis. These peptides activate various downstream signaling proteins and can also be the target themself, which could improve the diffusion of drugs across the BTB. The gap junction (GJ) and its coexisting junctions at the BTB maintain the immunological barrier integrity and can be the \"gateway\" during spermatocyte transition. These junctions are the possible route for toxicant entry, causing male reproductive dysfunction. Herein, we summarize the detailed mechanism of all the regulators playing an essential role in the maintenance of the BTB, which will help researchers to understand and find targets for drug delivery inside the testis.
摘要：
血-睾丸屏障(BTB)形成在生精基底膜附近。这是一个独特的超微结构，将睾丸生精上皮分为心尖（adluminal）和基底区室。它通过重组其结构在精母细胞的发育和成熟中起着至关重要的作用。这使得pleptotene精母细胞能够通过BTB运输，在生精小管中从基部到腔室。睾丸细胞分泌的几种生物活性肽和生物分子调节BTB功能并支持精子发生。这些肽激活各种下游信号蛋白，也可以是它们自身的靶标，这可以改善药物在BTB中的扩散。间隙连接（GJ）及其在BTB上的共存连接保持了免疫屏障的完整性，并且可以在精母细胞过渡期间成为“门户”。这些路口是毒物进入的可能途径，导致男性生殖功能障碍.在这里，我们总结了所有监管机构在维护BTB方面发挥重要作用的详细机制，这将有助于研究人员了解和找到睾丸内药物输送的目标。
