PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The current food system, which is responsible for about one third of all global gas emissions, is considered one of the main causes of resource depletion. For this reason, scientific research is investigating new alternatives capable of feeding an ever-growing population that is set to reach 9-11 billion by 2050. Among these, cell-based meat, also called cultured meat, is one possible solution. It is part of a larger branch of science called cellular agriculture, whose goal is to produce food from individual cells rather than whole organisms, tracing their molecular profile. To date, however, cultured meat aroused conflicting opinions. For this reason, the aim of this review was to take an in-depth look at the current European legislative framework, which reflects a \'precautionary approach\' based on the assumption that these innovative foods require careful risk assessment to safeguard consumer health. In this context, the assessment of possible risks made it possible not only to identify the main critical points during each stage of the production chain (proliferation, differentiation, scaffolding, maturation and marketing), but also to identify solutions in accordance with the recommendations of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Further, the main challenges related to organoleptic and nutritional properties have been reviewed.. Finally, possible future markets were studied, which would complement that of traditional meat, implementing the offer for the consumer, who is still sceptical about the acceptance of this new product. Although further investigation is needed, the growing demand for market diversification and the food security opportunities associated with food shortages, as well as justifying the commercialisation of cultured meat, would present an opportunity to position cultured meat as beneficial.
摘要：
目前的粮食系统,占全球气体排放量的三分之一，被认为是资源枯竭的主要原因之一。出于这个原因,科学研究正在研究能够养活不断增长的人口的新替代品，到2050年人口将达到90-110亿。其中,基于细胞的肉，也被称为养殖肉，是一个可能的解决方案。它是称为细胞农业的更大科学分支的一部分，其目标是从单个细胞而不是整个生物体生产食物，追踪他们的分子特征。迄今为止,然而,养殖肉引起了相互矛盾的意见。出于这个原因,这次审查的目的是深入研究当前的欧洲立法框架，这反映了一种“预防方法”，基于这样的假设，即这些创新食品需要仔细的风险评估来保护消费者的健康。在这种情况下，对可能风险的评估不仅可以确定生产链每个阶段的主要关键点(扩散，分化,脚手架,成熟和营销)，而且还要根据欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）的建议确定解决方案。Further,与感官和营养特性相关的主要挑战已经被审查。.最后,研究了未来可能的市场，这将补充传统肉类，为消费者实施报价，他仍然对这个新产品的接受持怀疑态度。虽然还需要进一步调查,对市场多样化的需求日益增长，以及与粮食短缺相关的粮食安全机会，以及为养殖肉类的商业化辩护，将提供一个机会将养殖肉定位为有益的。
