PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Perceptual confidence is thought to arise from metacognitive processes that evaluate the underlying perceptual decision evidence. We investigated whether metacognitive access to perceptual evidence is constrained by the hierarchical organization of visual cortex, where high-level representations tend to be more readily available for explicit scrutiny. We found that the ability of human observers to evaluate their confidence did depend on whether they performed a high-level or low-level task on the same stimuli, but was also affected by manipulations that occurred long after the perceptual decision. Confidence in low-level perceptual decisions degraded with more time between the decision and the response cue, especially when backward masking was present. Confidence in high-level tasks was immune to backward masking and benefitted from additional time. These results can be explained by a model assuming confidence heavily relies on postdecisional internal representations of visual stimuli that degrade over time, where high-level representations are more persistent.
摘要：
感知信心被认为是由评估潜在感知决策证据的元认知过程产生的。我们调查了感知证据的元认知访问是否受到视觉皮层的分层组织的限制，在这种情况下，高级表示往往更容易被明确审查。我们发现，人类观察者评估其信心的能力确实取决于他们在相同的刺激下执行的是高级任务还是低级任务，但也受到感知决定后很久发生的操纵的影响。对低级感知决策的信心随着决策和响应线索之间时间的延长而下降，尤其是当存在反向掩蔽时。对高级任务的信心不受反向掩蔽的影响，并受益于额外的时间。这些结果可以通过一个模型来解释，该模型假设置信度在很大程度上依赖于随着时间的推移而退化的视觉刺激的决策后内部表示。其中高级表示更持久。
