Abstract：
Rice blast disease (RBD) caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, threaten food security by cutting agricultural output. Nano agrochemicals are now perceived as sustainable, cost-effective alternatives to traditional pesticides. This study investigated bioformulation of moringa chitosan nanoparticles (M-CsNPs) and their mechanisms for suppressing RBD while minimizing toxic effects on the microenvironment. M-CsNPs, sized 46 nm with semi-spherical morphology, significantly suppressed pathogen growth, integrity, and colonization at 200 mg L-1in vitro. Greenhouse tests with foliar exposure to the same concentration resulted in a substantial 77.7 % reduction in RBD, enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and plant health. Furthermore, M-CsNPs improved photosynthesis, gas exchange, and the nutritional profile of diseased rice plants. RNA-seq analysis highlighted upregulated defense-related genes in treated rice plants. Metagenomic study showcased reshaping of the rice microbiome, reducing Magnaporthe abundance by 93.5 %. Both healthy and diseased rice plants showed increased microbial diversity, particularly favoring specific beneficial species Thiobacillus, Nitrospira, Nocardioides, and Sphingomicrobium in the rhizosphere and Azonexus, Agarivorans, and Bradyrhizobium in the phyllosphere. This comprehensive study unravels the diverse mechanisms by which M-CsNPs interact with plants and pathogens, curbing M. oryzae damage, promoting plant growth, and modulating the rice microbiome. It underscores the significant potential for effective plant disease management.
摘要：
稻瘟病（RBD）引起的稻瘟病，通过削减农业产量威胁粮食安全。纳米农用化学品现在被认为是可持续的，具有成本效益的传统农药替代品。这项研究调查了辣木壳聚糖纳米颗粒（M-CsNPs）的生物配方及其抑制RBD的机制，同时将对微环境的毒性作用降至最低。M-CsNP,尺寸为46nm，具有半球形形态，显著抑制病原体生长，完整性，并在体外200mgL-1定植。用相同浓度的叶面暴露的温室试验导致RBD大幅减少77.7%，增强抗氧化酶活性和植物健康。此外，M-CsNP改善光合作用，气体交换,和患病水稻植物的营养概况。RNA-seq分析强调了处理过的水稻植物中上调的防御相关基因。宏基因组研究展示了水稻微生物组的重塑，将稻瘟病的丰度减少93.5%。健康和患病的水稻植物都显示出增加的微生物多样性，特别有利于特定的有益物种硫杆菌，硝基螺旋体,诺卡诺德,根际和Azonexus中的鞘微生物，Agarivorans,和根际根瘤菌。这项全面的研究揭示了M-CsNPs与植物和病原体相互作用的多种机制，遏制米曲霉的伤害，促进植物生长，和调节水稻微生物组。它强调了有效植物病害管理的巨大潜力。
