Abstract：
Elaeophorosis, infection by the filarial worm Elaeophora schneideri, is a parasitic disease of wild ungulates in North America; however, our understanding of the relevance of E. schneideri to moose (Alces alces) morbidity and mortality is incomplete. Between March 2020 and July 2022, necropsy and histopathology were performed on 61 Shiras moose (Alces alces shirasi) in Idaho, US. Among the 41 adults (greater than 1 yr old), 21 moose were from northern Idaho, and 20 were from southeastern Idaho. Elaeophorosis was diagnosed in 24% (10 of 41). All 10 infected moose were from southeastern Idaho; none of the 21 moose from northern Idaho were infected. No juvenile moose (nine from northern and 11 from southeastern Idaho) were infected. Microfilariae were detected histologically in 9 of 10 infected moose, most consistently in brain tissue associated with lesions indicative of ischemic injury to the neuroparenchyma attributed to occlusion of arterioles and capillaries by microfilariae or fibrin thrombi, including edema, necrosis, and glial nodules. Microfilariae found in other tissues of the head, including the eye, tongue, and pinnae of some animals, as well as in lung, heart, liver, and kidney, typically were associated with inflammation. Three of the 10 infected moose had cropped ears attributed to elaeophorosis, and four exhibited abnormal behavior, which may have been due to neuropathology associated with E. schneideri microfilariae in the brain.
摘要：
Elaeophosis,丝虫感染，是北美野生有蹄类动物的寄生虫病；然而，我们对Schneideri与驼鹿（Alcesalces）发病率和死亡率的相关性的理解是不完整的。在2020年3月至2022年7月之间，对爱达荷州的61只Shiras驼鹿（Alcesalcesshirasi）进行了尸检和组织病理学检查，US.在41名成年人(大于1岁)中，21头驼鹿来自爱达荷州北部，20人来自爱达荷州东南部。24％的人被诊断为Elaeophorosis（41个中的10个）。所有10只感染的驼鹿都来自爱达荷州东南部；来自爱达荷州北部的21只驼鹿均未被感染。没有幼年驼鹿（来自北部的9只和来自爱达荷州东南部的11只）被感染。在10只感染的驼鹿中，有9只在组织学上检测到微丝虫，在与病变相关的脑组织中最一致，该病变表明由于微丝虫或纤维蛋白血栓阻塞小动脉和毛细血管引起的神经实质缺血性损伤，包括水肿,坏死,和神经胶质结节.在头部的其他组织中发现的微丝虫，包括眼睛,舌头,和一些动物的耳廓，以及在肺部，心,肝脏,和肾脏，通常与炎症有关。10只被感染的驼鹿中有3只由于脱毛病而长出了耳朵，四个人表现出异常行为，这可能是由于与大脑中的施氏细丝菌相关的神经病理学。
