PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The northern region of Chile boasts unique geographical features that support the emergence of geothermal effluents, salt lagoons, and coastal creeks. These extreme climate conditions create polyextreme habitats for microorganisms, particularly adapted to survive these harsh environments. These extremophilic microorganisms hold immense potential as a source of hydrolytic enzymes, among other biotechnological applications. In this study, we isolated 15 strains of aerobic thermophilic bacteria (45-70 °C) from sediment samples collected at five different ecological sites, including hot springs, geothermal fields, and lagoons in the Atacama Desert and Andes high planes. Analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the isolates showed a close genetic similarity (98-100%) with microorganisms of the genera Parageobacillus, Geobacillus, Anoxybacillus, and Aeribacillus. Notably, these thermophiles exhibited significant hydrolytic enzyme activity, particularly amylases, lipases, and proteases. These findings underscore the potential of using these thermophilic bacterial strains as an invaluable source of thermozymes with wide-ranging applications in diverse industries, such as detergent formulations, pharmaceutical processing, and food technology. This research highlights the ecological significance of these extreme environments in the Atacama Desert and Andes high plains, which serve as vital ecological niches housing extremophilic bacteria as a genetic source of relevant thermozymes, promising great potential for innovation in the biotechnology industry.
摘要：
智利北部地区拥有独特的地理特征，支持地热流出物的出现，盐泻湖,和沿海小溪。这些极端的气候条件为微生物创造了多极端的栖息地，特别适应这些恶劣的环境。这些极端微生物作为水解酶的来源具有巨大的潜力，在其他生物技术应用中。在这项研究中,我们从五个不同生态地点收集的沉积物样品中分离出15株需氧嗜热细菌（45-70°C），包括温泉,地热田,阿塔卡马沙漠和安第斯山脉高空的泻湖。对分离物的16SrRNA基因序列的分析显示，与副杆菌属的微生物具有密切的遗传相似性（98-100％），地芽孢杆菌,厌氧菌,和Aeribacillus.值得注意的是,这些嗜热菌表现出显著的水解酶活性，尤其是淀粉酶,脂肪酶，和蛋白酶。这些发现强调了使用这些嗜热细菌菌株作为热酶的宝贵来源的潜力，在不同的行业中具有广泛的应用。如洗涤剂配方，制药加工,食品技术。这项研究强调了这些极端环境在阿塔卡马沙漠和安第斯山脉高平原的生态意义，作为重要的生态位，将嗜极端细菌作为相关热酶的遗传来源，生物技术产业创新的巨大潜力。
