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Abstract：
Acne vulgaris is a common dermatologic disorder that affects approximately 85% of teenagers, which significantly impacts the quality of life in adolescents. It is a chronic disease of the sebaceous follicles that is multifactorial in etiology. Topical treatment is the first choice for mild and moderate acne, while systemic therapy is reserved for severe and certain moderate cases. Topical treatments include retinoids (e.g., tretinoin and adapalene), antibiotics (e.g., clindamycine), and other agents (e.g., benzoyl peroxide and azelaic acid), often applied in combination. The mechanisms of action include antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and keratolytic activities, as well as sebum secretion reduction, and the normalization of follicular keratinization. However, these topical agents commonly induce side effects, such as dryness, burning, stinging, peeling, redness, erythema, and photosensitivity. Therefore, there is a need to reduce the side effects of anti-acne drugs, while maintaining or enhancing their therapeutic effectiveness. This article aims to comprehensively outline nanotechnology strategies, particularly the use of phospholipid-based nanocarriers like liposomes and related vesicles, to enhance therapeutic efficacy, skin tolerability, and patient compliance in the treatment of acne vulgaris. In addition, novel active ingredients encapsulated in vesicles beyond those recommended in official guidelines are discussed.
摘要：
寻常痤疮是一种常见的皮肤病，影响约85％的青少年，这显著影响了青少年的生活质量。它是皮脂腺毛囊的慢性疾病，病因多因素。局部治疗是轻中度痤疮的首选,而系统治疗保留用于严重和某些中度病例。局部治疗包括类维生素A（例如，维甲酸和阿达帕林)，抗生素(例如，克林霉素)，和其他代理人(例如，过氧化苯甲酰和壬二酸)，经常结合使用。作用机制包括抗菌，抗炎,和角质层分离活动，以及皮脂分泌减少，和卵泡角质化的正常化。然而,这些外用药物通常会引起副作用，如干燥，燃烧,刺痛,剥皮,发红,红斑,和光敏性。因此,有必要减少抗痤疮药物的副作用，同时保持或增强其治疗效果。本文旨在全面概述纳米技术战略，特别是使用磷脂基纳米载体，如脂质体和相关囊泡，为了提高治疗效果，皮肤耐受性，以及患者对寻常痤疮治疗的依从性。此外,讨论了封装在囊泡中的新型活性成分，超出了官方指南中的建议。
