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Abstract：
Adaptive functioning constitutes a fundamental aspect of the phenotype associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in preschool-aged children, exerting a significant influence on both the child and the family\'s overall quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of the adaptive functioning domains in preschool-age children with ASD at two time points, providing a snapshot of this fundamental developmental step. Methods: Ninety-five children with ASD (M = 3.89, SD = 1.13) were included in the study and longitudinal data (the mean length of the longitudinal data collection was 1 year) on ASD features such as social communication and social interaction, repetitive and restricted behavior, cognitive level, and adaptive functioning were collected. We considered autistic features, cognitive level, and sociodemographic factors as possible predictors of the different adaptive functioning domains one year later. Results: Data obtained showed a worsening of the ASD features and adaptive functioning after one year. Furthermore, the severity of repetitive and restricted behavior predicted adaptive functioning, especially in the social and practical domains of the child, one year later. This prediction was observed alongside the child\'s cognitive level. Conclusions: The study identifies some potential predictive factors of specific adaptive functioning domains in preschoolers with ASD. Considering how critical adaptive functioning is for the well-being of both the child and their family, it becomes imperative to design early-stage interventions focused on nurturing adaptive skills in children with ASD.
摘要：
适应功能构成与学龄前儿童自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）相关的表型的基本方面，对儿童和家庭的整体生活质量都有显著影响。这项研究的目的是调查两个时间点的ASD学龄前儿童的适应性功能域的预测因子。提供了这一基本发展步骤的快照。方法:将95例ASD儿童(M=3.89,SD=1.13)纳入研究,并对ASD的社会交往和社会交往等特征进行纵向数据(纵向数据收集的平均长度为1年),重复和受限的行为，认知水平,并收集了适应性功能。我们考虑了自闭症的特征，认知水平,和社会人口统计学因素可能是一年后不同适应性功能域的预测因子。结果：获得的数据显示一年后ASD特征和适应性功能恶化。此外，重复和受限行为的严重性预测了适应性功能，特别是在儿童的社会和实践领域，一年后。这一预测与孩子的认知水平一起被观察到。结论：该研究确定了ASD学龄前儿童特定适应性功能域的一些潜在预测因素。考虑到适应功能对孩子及其家人的福祉至关重要，必须设计早期干预措施，重点是培养ASD儿童的适应技能。
