PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Background: Short implants have been used in the restoration of edentulous jaws in the past several years. However, some studies have suggested that short implants are less successful than standard implants. The aim of this study is to investigate the outcome of short implants placed in the posterior maxilla or mandible following one-stage or immediate-function protocols with a follow-up of 7 years (clinically) and 5 years (radiographically). Methods: This study included 127 patients rehabilitated with 217 implants measuring 7 mm and supporting 157 fixed prostheses in the posterior segments of both jaws. Final abutments were delivered at the surgery stage and were loaded after 4 months in 116 patients (199 implants). The primary outcome measure was implant survival measured through life tables. Secondary outcome measures were marginal bone loss and the incidence of biological and mechanical complications at the patient level and implant level (evaluated through descriptive statistics). Results: Twenty-four patients (18.9%) with 45 implants (20.7%) were lost to the follow-up. In total, 32 implants failed (14.8%) in 22 patients (17.3%), resulting in a cumulative survival rate at 7 years of 81.2% for 7 mm implants in the rehabilitation of the posterior regions of the maxilla and mandible. The average (standard deviation) marginal bone loss was 1.47 mm (0.99 mm) at 5 years. The incidence rate of biological complications was 12.6% and 10.6% at the patient and implant levels, respectively. The incidence rate of mechanical complications was 21.3% for patients and 16.1% for implants. A higher failure rate was registered in smokers and in implant arrangements with a sequence of three fixtures in proximity. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the placement of 7 mm long implants for the partial implant-supported rehabilitation of atrophic posterior jaws is possible in the long term, judging by the survival rate and stable average marginal bone loss. Nevertheless, strict case selection should be performed, especially in smokers and with implant arrangements that provide a minimum of one unit in inter-implant distance.
摘要：
背景：在过去的几年中，短植入物已用于修复无牙颌。然而,一些研究表明，短植入物不如标准植入物成功。这项研究的目的是调查在一个阶段或即时功能协议后放置在上颌骨或下颌骨后部的短植入物的结果，随访7年（临床）和5年（影像学）。方法：这项研究包括127例患者，这些患者使用217个7毫米的植入物进行了修复，并在两个颌骨的后段支撑了157个固定假体。最终的基牙在手术阶段交付，并在116名患者（199个植入物）4个月后装载。主要结果测量是通过寿命表测量的植入物存活率。次要结果指标是患者水平和植入物水平的边缘骨丢失以及生物和机械并发症的发生率（通过描述性统计进行评估）。结果：24例患者（18.9%）和45例植入物（20.7%）失访。总的来说,22例（17.3％）患者中有32例植入物失败（14.8％），在上颌骨和下颌骨后部区域的康复中，7mm植入物的7年累积生存率为81.2％。5年时平均（标准偏差）边缘骨丢失为1.47mm（0.99mm）。患者和植入物水平的生物并发症发生率分别为12.6%和10.6%,分别。患者的机械并发症发生率为21.3％，植入物的发生率为16.1％。在吸烟者和植入物布置中记录了较高的故障率，其中三个固定装置在附近。结论：在本研究的局限性内，可以得出结论，放置7毫米长的植入物用于萎缩性后颌骨的部分植入物支持康复是可能的，根据生存率和稳定的平均边缘骨丢失来判断。然而，应进行严格的病例选择，尤其是在吸烟者和植入装置中，植入装置之间的距离最少为一个单位。
