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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the major causes of death worldwide. It is the most common cause of death before the age of 70 years. The incidence and mortality of BC are rapidly increasing, posing great challenges to the health system and economy of every nation.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory of the French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children (FMIC) to demonstrate the association of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2/Neu) and estrogen receptor (ER)/ progesterone receptor (PR) with clinical as well as pathological parameters among women with BC. A consecutive nonprobability sampling method was used for this study over a span of one and a half years.
RESULTS: One hundred twenty participants diagnosed with breast cancer were included in the study. The mean age at diagnosis was 44.58 ± 11.16 years. Out of the total patients, 68 (56.7%) were above 40 years old, 108 (90%) were married, 94 (78.3%) were multiparous, and 88 (73.3%) had a history of breastfeeding. 33.3% of cases were within the age range of menopause (40-50 years). The positive expression rates of ER, PR, and Her2/neu were found to be 48.8%, 44.6%, and 44.6%, respectively, and Her2/neu overexpression was found to be higher among ER/PR-negative cases.
CONCLUSIONS: In our study, we demonstrated that among Afghan women, grade II invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified, was the most common type of BC and frequently affected women above the age of 40. We also revealed that the percentage of negative ER (50.4%), negative PR (54.4%), and concordant ER/PR-negative cases were high compared to other possibilities. Additionally, the study revealed that expression of Her2/neu was in contrast with the expression of ER and PR receptors. The findings of our study still support the importance of performing immunohistochemical stains for hormonal receptor classification in terms of better clinical outcomes and prognosis.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory of the French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children (FMIC) to demonstrate the association of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2/Neu) and estrogen receptor (ER)/ progesterone receptor (PR) with clinical as well as pathological parameters among women with BC. A consecutive nonprobability sampling method was used for this study over a span of one and a half years.
RESULTS: One hundred twenty participants diagnosed with breast cancer were included in the study. The mean age at diagnosis was 44.58 ± 11.16 years. Out of the total patients, 68 (56.7%) were above 40 years old, 108 (90%) were married, 94 (78.3%) were multiparous, and 88 (73.3%) had a history of breastfeeding. 33.3% of cases were within the age range of menopause (40-50 years). The positive expression rates of ER, PR, and Her2/neu were found to be 48.8%, 44.6%, and 44.6%, respectively, and Her2/neu overexpression was found to be higher among ER/PR-negative cases.
CONCLUSIONS: In our study, we demonstrated that among Afghan women, grade II invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified, was the most common type of BC and frequently affected women above the age of 40. We also revealed that the percentage of negative ER (50.4%), negative PR (54.4%), and concordant ER/PR-negative cases were high compared to other possibilities. Additionally, the study revealed that expression of Her2/neu was in contrast with the expression of ER and PR receptors. The findings of our study still support the importance of performing immunohistochemical stains for hormonal receptor classification in terms of better clinical outcomes and prognosis.
摘要：
背景：乳腺癌（BC）是世界范围内主要的死亡原因之一。它是70岁之前最常见的死亡原因。BC的发病率和死亡率正在迅速增加，给每个国家的卫生系统和经济带来巨大挑战。
方法：在法国母亲和儿童医学研究所（FMIC）的病理学和临床实验室部门进行了一项横断面分析研究，以证明人类表皮生长因子受体2（Her2/Neu）和雌激素受体（ER）/孕激素受体（PR）与BC女性的临床和病理参数。这项研究使用了连续的非概率抽样方法，历时一年半。
结果：120名被诊断为乳腺癌的参与者被纳入研究。诊断时的平均年龄为44.58±11.16岁。在所有患者中，68人(56.7%)在40岁以上,108人（90%）结婚，94例（78.3%）为多胎，88例(73.3%)有母乳喂养史.33.3％的病例在绝经年龄范围内（40-50岁）。ER的阳性表达率,PR,和Her2/neu被发现是48.8％，44.6%,和44.6%，分别,在ER/PR阴性病例中发现Her2/neu过表达较高。
结论：在我们的研究中，我们证明了在阿富汗妇女中，II级浸润性导管癌，未指定，是最常见的BC类型，经常影响40岁以上的女性。我们还发现，负ER的百分比(50.4%)，负PR（54.4%），与其他可能性相比，一致的ER/PR阴性病例较高。此外,研究表明，Her2/neu的表达与ER和PR受体的表达相反。我们的研究结果仍然支持在更好的临床结果和预后方面进行免疫组织化学染色对激素受体分类的重要性。
方法：在法国母亲和儿童医学研究所（FMIC）的病理学和临床实验室部门进行了一项横断面分析研究，以证明人类表皮生长因子受体2（Her2/Neu）和雌激素受体（ER）/孕激素受体（PR）与BC女性的临床和病理参数。这项研究使用了连续的非概率抽样方法，历时一年半。
结果：120名被诊断为乳腺癌的参与者被纳入研究。诊断时的平均年龄为44.58±11.16岁。在所有患者中，68人(56.7%)在40岁以上,108人（90%）结婚，94例（78.3%）为多胎，88例(73.3%)有母乳喂养史.33.3％的病例在绝经年龄范围内（40-50岁）。ER的阳性表达率,PR,和Her2/neu被发现是48.8％，44.6%,和44.6%，分别,在ER/PR阴性病例中发现Her2/neu过表达较高。
结论：在我们的研究中，我们证明了在阿富汗妇女中，II级浸润性导管癌，未指定，是最常见的BC类型，经常影响40岁以上的女性。我们还发现，负ER的百分比(50.4%)，负PR（54.4%），与其他可能性相比，一致的ER/PR阴性病例较高。此外,研究表明，Her2/neu的表达与ER和PR受体的表达相反。我们的研究结果仍然支持在更好的临床结果和预后方面进行免疫组织化学染色对激素受体分类的重要性。
