PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Kicking strikes are fundamental in combat sports such as Taekwondo, karate, kickboxing, Muay Thai, and mixed martial arts. This review aimed to explore the measurement methods, kinematics such as velocities, kinetics such as impact force, determinants, and injury potential of kicking strikes in combat sports. Searches of Academic Search Premier, The Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were conducted for studies that measured kicking velocity and impact force. A total of 88 studies were included in the review. Studies most frequently involved only male participants (49%) aged between 18 and 30 years of age (68%). Studies measuring velocity predominantly implemented camera-based motion capture systems (96%), whereas studies measuring impact force displayed considerable heterogeneity in their measurement methods. Five primary strikes were identified for which foot velocities ranged from 5.2 to 18.3 m/s and mean impact force ranged from 122.6 to 9015 N. Among the techniques analysed, the roundhouse kick exhibited the highest kicking velocity at 18.3 m/s, whilst the side kick produced the highest impact force at 9015 N. Diverse investigation methodologies contributed to a wide value range for kicking velocities and impact forces being reported, making direct comparisons difficult. Kicking strikes can be categorised into throw-style or push-style kicks, which modulate impact through different mechanisms. Kicking velocity and impact force are determined by several factors, including technical proficiency, lower body strength and flexibility, effective mass, and target factors. The impact force generated by kicking strikes is sufficient to cause injury, including fracture. Protective equipment can partially attenuate these forces, although more research is required in this area. Athletes and coaches are advised to carefully consider the properties and potential limitations of measurement devices used to assess impact force.
摘要：
在诸如跆拳道之类的格斗运动中，踢球是最基本的，空手道,跆拳道,泰拳,和混合武术。这篇综述旨在探索测量方法，运动学，如速度，动力学，如冲击力，决定因素，以及在格斗运动中踢罢工的潜在伤害。学术搜索Premier的搜索，联合和补充医学数据库，CINAHLPlus,MEDLINE,SPORTDiscus,Scopus,和WebofScience数据库进行了测量踢速度和冲击力的研究。共有88项研究纳入审查。最常见的研究仅涉及年龄在18至30岁之间的男性参与者（49％）（68％）。测量速度的研究主要实现基于相机的运动捕捉系统（96％），而测量冲击力的研究在其测量方法中显示出相当大的异质性。确定了五次主要打击，其脚速范围为5.2至18.3m/s，平均冲击力范围为122.6至9015N。在分析的技术中，回旋踢表现出最高的踢速度，为18.3m/s，Whilethesidekickproducedthehighestimpactforceat9015N.Diversevestigationmethodscontributedtoawidevaluerangeforkickingspequesandimpactforcebeingreported,很难进行直接比较。踢脚可以分为投掷式或推式踢脚，通过不同的机制调节影响。踢速度和冲击力由几个因素决定，包括技术熟练，较低的身体强度和灵活性，有效质量,和目标因素。脚踢撞击产生的冲击力足以造成伤害,包括骨折。防护设备可以部分减弱这些力量，尽管在这方面需要更多的研究。建议运动员和教练仔细考虑用于评估冲击力的测量设备的特性和潜在限制。
