PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
It is controversial how useful bioassays are for identifying the in vivo toxicity of hazardous environmental exposures. In this study, fruiting bodies of forest mushrooms (n = 46), indoor mold colonies (n = 412), fungal secondary metabolites (n = 18), xenobiotic chemicals such as biocides and detergents (n = 6), and methanol extracts of indoor dusts from urban buildings (n = 26) were screened with two different bioactivity assays: boar sperm motility inhibition (BSMI) and inhibition of cell proliferation (ICP) tests. For the forest mushrooms, the toxicity testing result was positive for 100% of poisonous-classified species, 69% of non-edible-classified species, and 18% of edible-classified species. Colonies of 21 isolates of Ascomycota mold fungal species previously isolated from water-damaged buildings proved to be toxic in the tests. Out of the fungal metabolites and xenobiotic chemicals, 94% and 100% were toxic, respectively. Out of the indoor dusts from moldy-classified houses (n = 12) and from dry, mold-free houses (n = 14), 50% and 57% were toxic, respectively. The bioassay tests, however, could not differentiate the samples from indoor dusts of moldy-classified buildings from those from the mold-free buildings. Xenobiotic chemicals and indoor dusts were more toxic in the BSMI assay than in the ICP assay, whereas the opposite results were obtained with the Ascomycota mold colonies and fungal secondary metabolites. The tests recognized unknown methanol-soluble thermoresistant substances in indoor settled dusts. Toxic indoor dusts may indicate a harmful exposure, regardless of whether the toxicity is due to xenobiotic chemicals or microbial metabolites.
摘要：
生物测定法对于识别危险环境暴露的体内毒性的有用性存在争议。在这项研究中,森林蘑菇子实体（n=46），室内霉菌菌落(n=412)，真菌次生代谢产物（n=18），外源性化学物质，如杀菌剂和洗涤剂（n=6），通过两种不同的生物活性测定法筛选了城市建筑室内粉尘的甲醇提取物（n=26）：猪精子运动抑制（BSMI）和细胞增殖抑制（ICP）测试。对于森林蘑菇，毒性测试结果对100%的有毒分类物种呈阳性，69%的非食用分类物种，和18％的可食用分类物种。先前从水损坏的建筑物中分离出的21种子囊霉菌真菌菌株的菌落在测试中被证明是有毒的。在真菌代谢产物和外源性化学物质中，94%和100%是有毒的，分别。从发霉分类的房屋（n=12）和干燥的室内灰尘中，无霉菌房屋(n=14)，50%和57%是有毒的，分别。生物测定测试，然而,无法将样本与发霉分类建筑物的室内灰尘与无霉菌建筑物的样品区分开来。在BSMI测定中，与ICP测定相比，外源性化学物质和室内粉尘的毒性更大。而子囊霉菌菌落和真菌次生代谢产物却获得了相反的结果。测试识别了室内沉降粉尘中未知的甲醇可溶性耐热物质。有毒的室内灰尘可能表明有害的暴露，无论毒性是由于外源性化学物质还是微生物代谢产物。
