PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in language, communication, and social function with an estimated prevalence rate of between 1 in 30 and 44 U.S. births. Gene/environment (G × E) interactions are widely regarded as the most probable explanation for idiopathic ASD, especially because some genes are selectively targeted by various environmental xenobiotics. Because deciduous teeth are a likely biomarker of in utero exposure, the present study investigated if the quantity of chemicals found in deciduous teeth differs between children with and without ASD. Twenty-two deciduous teeth from children with ASD and 20 teeth from typically developed children were prepared and analyzed using THE Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (GC × GC-TOF MS) with ChromaTOF version 23H2 software and Agilent 7890 gas chromatograph. The autism sample had significantly more chemicals in their teeth than the typical developing sample (99.4 vs. 80.7, respectively) (p < 0.0001). The majority of chemicals were identified as phthalates, plasticizers, pesticides, preservatives, or intermediary solvents used in the production of fragranced personal care or cleaning products or flavoring agents in foods. The known toxic analytes reported in this study are likely biomarkers of developmental exposure. Why there were greater concentrations of toxic chemicals in the teeth that came from children with ASD is unclear. A further understanding of the cavalcade of multiple biological system interactions (Interactome) could help with future efforts to reduce risks. Notwithstanding, the avoidance of pesticides, plastics, and scented personal care products may be warranted under the precautionary principle rule.
摘要：
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种行为定义的神经发育障碍，其特征是语言障碍，通信,和社会功能，估计患病率在30至44例美国人中有1例。基因/环境（G×E）相互作用被广泛认为是特发性ASD的最可能的解释，特别是因为一些基因被各种环境异源物质选择性地靶向。因为乳牙可能是子宫内暴露的生物标志物，本研究调查了有和没有ASD的儿童在乳牙中发现的化学物质数量是否不同。制备了来自ASD儿童的22颗乳牙和来自典型发育儿童的20颗牙齿，并使用具有ChromaTOF版本23H2软件和Agilent7890气相色谱仪的二维气相色谱飞行时间质谱仪（GC×GC-TOFMS）进行了分析。自闭症样本的牙齿中的化学物质明显多于典型的发育样本（99.4vs.分别为80.7)(p<0.0001)。大多数化学物质被确定为邻苯二甲酸盐，增塑剂，杀虫剂,防腐剂,或用于生产芳香个人护理或清洁产品或食品中调味剂的中间溶剂。本研究中报道的已知毒性分析物可能是发育暴露的生物标志物。为什么ASD儿童的牙齿中有毒化学物质的浓度更高，目前尚不清楚。进一步了解多种生物系统相互作用（Interactome）的calcade可能有助于未来降低风险的努力。尽管如此,避免使用杀虫剂，塑料,根据预防原则规则，有香味的个人护理产品可能是有保证的。
