PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The chitin and chitosan biopolymers are extremely valuable because of their numerous industrial and pharmacological uses. Chitin and chitosan were extracted from the exoskeleton of Periplaneta americana (cockroaches) and termites using various acid and alkali techniques. The extraction process involves an initial demineralization step, during which integument dry powder was subjected to 500 mL (2.07 mol/L) of concentrated HCl at 100 degrees Celsius for 30 min, followed by meticulous rinsing with distilled water to restore the pH to its baseline. Deproteinization was conducted at 80 degrees Celsius using 500 mL (1 mol/L) of NaOH solution, which was repeated for 24 h. A total of 250 mL (0.06 mol/L) of NaOH was added at 100 degrees Celsius for 4 h to obtain chitosan, followed by extensive washing and subsequent drying. FTIR analysis was used to identify the functional groups in Periplaneta americana and termites. The crystallinity of these biopolymers, which have a face-centered cubic structure, was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. This study assessed the analgesic properties of chitin and chitosan via an acetic-acid-induced writhing test in mice, revealing a significant reduction in writhing behavior following the chitin and chitosan extract. Notably, chitin exhibits the highest degree of analgesic activity compared to chitosan. Both chitin and chitosan show anti-inflammatory effects, with chitosan absorbing proton ions at sites of inflammation, while chitin effectively inhibits ear edema and elicits an analgesic response in mice. Furthermore, the present study revealed antipyretic activity, with termite chitin demonstrating the most significant effect at a concentration of 500 µL/mL, followed by chitosan and chitin at 100 µL/mL. These findings indicate the potential of using chitin and chitosan derived from termites and Periplaneta americana as natural anti-inflammatory compounds, implying prospective uses in anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic capabilities.
摘要：
几丁质和壳聚糖生物聚合物由于其许多工业和药理学用途而非常有价值。使用各种酸和碱技术从美洲大猩猩（蟑螂）和白蚁的外骨骼中提取几丁质和壳聚糖。提取过程包括初始的去矿化步骤，在此期间，将被包裹干粉在100摄氏度下接受500mL（2.07mol/L）浓HCl30分钟，然后用蒸馏水仔细冲洗以将pH值恢复到基线。在80摄氏度下使用500mL(1mol/L)NaOH溶液进行脱蛋白,重复24小时。在100摄氏度下添加总计250mL（0.06mol/L）的NaOH4小时以获得壳聚糖，然后进行广泛的洗涤和随后的干燥。FTIR分析用于鉴定美洲大猩猩和白蚁中的官能团。这些生物聚合物的结晶度，具有面心立方结构，通过X射线衍射分析确定。这项研究通过乙酸诱导的小鼠扭体试验评估了几丁质和壳聚糖的镇痛性能，显示几丁质和壳聚糖提取物后的扭体行为显着降低。值得注意的是,与壳聚糖相比，几丁质表现出最高程度的镇痛活性。几丁质和壳聚糖都显示出抗炎作用，壳聚糖在炎症部位吸收质子离子，而几丁质则能有效抑制小鼠耳水肿并引起镇痛反应。此外，本研究揭示了解热活性，白蚁甲壳素在浓度为500微升/毫升时表现出最显著的效果，然后是100微升/毫升的壳聚糖和几丁质。这些发现表明，使用源自白蚁和美洲大猩猩的几丁质和壳聚糖作为天然抗炎化合物的潜力，暗示抗炎的潜在用途，退烧药,和镇痛能力。
