PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This study investigates the influence of the quality of the \"deep squat\" movement, adapted from the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) system, on the lower extremity movement pattern during baseball throwing, and its potential impact on throwing performance and propulsion efficiency. Twenty-two baseball players were recruited and categorized into two groups: 13 in the high-score squat group (HSS) and 9 in the low-score squat group (LSS), based on their deep squat screening results. This research explored disparities in ball velocity, propulsion efficiency, propulsion ground reaction force (GRF) characteristics, and throwing kinematics between these two groups. The findings revealed no significant difference in ball velocity between the groups. However, the LSS group demonstrated a lower propulsion GRF efficiency (p < 0.030, ES = 0.46), along with a higher vertical peak GRF (p < 0.002, ES = 0.66). In the pivot leg, the HSS group exhibited significantly lower impulse forces in the Impulse Fresultant (p < 0.035, ES = 0.45), throwing direction (p < 0.049, ES = 0.42), and vertical direction (p < 0.048, ES = 0.42). Additionally, the contribution to the ball velocity of the pivot leg was significantly greater in the HSS group, along with significantly better efficiency in Impulse Fresultant (p < 0.035, ES = 0.45), throwing direction (p < 0.053, ES = 0.41), and vertical direction (p < 0.032, ES = 0.46). In the leading leg, the HSS group demonstrated significantly lower impulse forces in the Impulse Fresultant (p < 0.001, ES = 0.69), throwing direction (p < 0.007, ES = 0.58), and vertical direction (p < 0.001, ES = 0.70). Moreover, the contribution to the ball velocity of the leading leg was significantly greater in the HSS group, accompanied by significantly better efficiency in Impulse Fresultant (p < 0.003, ES = 0.63), throwing direction (p < 0.005, ES = 0.60), and vertical direction (p < 0.021, ES = 0.49). In conclusion, this study suggests that squat screening is a valuable tool for assessing propulsion efficiency. Coaches and trainers should be mindful of players with low squat quality but high throwing performance, as they may face increased impact and injury risks in the future.
摘要：
这项研究调查了“深蹲”运动质量的影响，改编自功能运动屏幕（FMS）系统，棒球投掷时的下肢运动模式，及其对投掷性能和推进效率的潜在影响。招募了22名棒球运动员，并将其分为两组：高分深蹲组（HSS）中的13名和低分深蹲组（LSS）中的9名，根据他们的深蹲筛查结果。这项研究探索了球速度的差异，推进效率，推进地面反作用力(GRF)特性,在这两组之间投掷运动学。研究结果表明，两组之间的球速度没有显着差异。然而,LSS组显示出较低的推进GRF效率（p<0.030，ES=0.46），以及更高的垂直峰值GRF(p<0.002,ES=0.66)。在枢轴腿中，HSS组表现出显着较低的冲激力在脉冲合成（p<0.035，ES=0.45），投掷方向（p<0.049，ES=0.42），和垂直方向(p<0.048,ES=0.42)。此外,HSS组对枢轴腿球速度的贡献明显更大，随着脉冲合成效率显著提高(p<0.035，ES=0.45)，投掷方向（p<0.053，ES=0.41），和垂直方向(p<0.032,ES=0.46)。在领先的腿上，HSS组表现出显着较低的脉冲Fresult的脉冲力（p<0.001，ES=0.69），投掷方向（p<0.007，ES=0.58），和垂直方向(p<0.001,ES=0.70)。此外，在HSS组中，对前腿球速的贡献明显更大，伴随着明显更好的脉冲合成效率(p<0.003，ES=0.63)，投掷方向（p<0.005，ES=0.60），和垂直方向(p<0.021,ES=0.49)。总之,这项研究表明，深蹲筛查是评估推进效率的宝贵工具。教练和教练应该注意深蹲质量低但投掷性能高的球员，因为他们将来可能面临更大的冲击和伤害风险。
