PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are small sequences of genetic materials that are primarily transcribed from the intronic regions of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNAs), and they are pivotal in regulating messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. miRNAs were first discovered to regulate mRNAs of the same cell in which they were transcribed. Recent studies have unveiled their ability to traverse cells, either encapsulated in vesicles or freely bound to proteins, influencing distant recipient cells. Activities of extracellular miRNAs have been observed during acute inflammation in clinically relevant pathologies, such as sepsis, shock, trauma, and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries. This review comprehensively explores the activity of miRNAs during acute inflammation as well as the mechanisms of their extracellular transport and activity. Evaluating the potential of extracellular miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in acute inflammation represents a critical aspect of this review. Finally, this review concludes with novel concepts of miRNA activity in the context of alleviating inflammation, delivering potential future directions to advance the field of miRNA therapeutics.
摘要：
微核糖核酸（miRNA）是主要从脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）的内含子区域转录的遗传物质的小序列。它们在调节信使RNA（mRNA）表达方面至关重要。首先发现miRNA调节转录它们的相同细胞的mRNA。最近的研究揭示了它们穿越细胞的能力，封装在囊泡中或与蛋白质自由结合，影响远处的受体细胞。在临床相关病理中的急性炎症期间已经观察到细胞外miRNA的活性,比如败血症,震惊,创伤,和缺血/再灌注(I/R)损伤。本文综述了miRNAs在急性炎症过程中的活性及其胞外转运和活性的机制。评估细胞外miRNA在急性炎症中作为诊断生物标志物和治疗靶标的潜力代表了这篇综述的一个关键方面。最后,这篇综述总结了在减轻炎症的背景下miRNA活性的新概念，为推进miRNA治疗领域提供潜在的未来方向。
