Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The EFLM Task and Finish Group Urinalysis has updated the ECLM European Urinalysis Guidelines (2000) on urinalysis and urine bacterial culture, to improve accuracy of these examinations in European clinical laboratories, and to support diagnostic industry to develop new technologies.
CONCLUSIONS: Graded recommendations were built in the following areas.
UNASSIGNED: Strategies of urine testing are described to patients with complicated or uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI), and high or low-risk to kidney disease.
UNASSIGNED: Patient preparation, and urine collection are supported with two quality indicators: contamination rate (cultures), and density of urine (chemistry, particles).
UNASSIGNED: Measurements of both urine albumin and α1-microglobulin are recommended for sensitive detection of kidney disease in high-risk patients. Performance specifications are given for urine protein measurements and quality control of multiproperty strip tests.
UNASSIGNED: Procedures for microscopy are reviewed for diagnostic urine particles, including urine bacteria. Technologies in automated particle counting and visual microscopy are updated with advice how to verify new instruments with the reference microscopy.
UNASSIGNED: Chromogenic agar is recommended as primary medium in urine cultures. Limits of significant growth are reviewed, with an optimised workflow for routine specimens, using leukocyturia to reduce less important antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Automation in bacteriology is encouraged to shorten turn-around times. Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry is applicable for rapid identification of uropathogens. Aerococcus urinae, A. sanguinicola and Actinotignum schaalii are taken into the list of uropathogens. A reference examination procedure was developed for urine bacterial cultures.
CONCLUSIONS: Graded recommendations were built in the following areas.
UNASSIGNED: Strategies of urine testing are described to patients with complicated or uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI), and high or low-risk to kidney disease.
UNASSIGNED: Patient preparation, and urine collection are supported with two quality indicators: contamination rate (cultures), and density of urine (chemistry, particles).
UNASSIGNED: Measurements of both urine albumin and α1-microglobulin are recommended for sensitive detection of kidney disease in high-risk patients. Performance specifications are given for urine protein measurements and quality control of multiproperty strip tests.
UNASSIGNED: Procedures for microscopy are reviewed for diagnostic urine particles, including urine bacteria. Technologies in automated particle counting and visual microscopy are updated with advice how to verify new instruments with the reference microscopy.
UNASSIGNED: Chromogenic agar is recommended as primary medium in urine cultures. Limits of significant growth are reviewed, with an optimised workflow for routine specimens, using leukocyturia to reduce less important antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Automation in bacteriology is encouraged to shorten turn-around times. Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry is applicable for rapid identification of uropathogens. Aerococcus urinae, A. sanguinicola and Actinotignum schaalii are taken into the list of uropathogens. A reference examination procedure was developed for urine bacterial cultures.
摘要：
背景：EFLM任务和完成组尿液分析更新了关于尿液分析和尿液细菌培养的ECLM欧洲尿液分析指南（2000），为了提高欧洲临床实验室检查的准确性，并支持诊断行业开发新技术。
结论：在以下方面建立了分级建议。
■针对复杂或不复杂的尿路感染（UTI）患者描述了尿液检测策略，和肾脏疾病的高风险或低风险。
■患者准备，和尿液收集支持两个质量指标：污染率（培养），和尿液密度(化学，颗粒)。
■建议测量尿白蛋白和α1-微球蛋白，以敏感地检测高风险患者的肾脏疾病。给出了尿蛋白测量和多属性试条质量控制的性能规范。
■对诊断尿液颗粒的显微镜检查程序进行了审查，包括尿液中的细菌.自动颗粒计数和视觉显微镜技术更新了如何使用参考显微镜验证新仪器的建议。
■建议将生色琼脂作为尿液培养物中的主要培养基。审查了显著增长的极限，与常规标本的优化工作流程，使用白细胞增多症减少不太重要的抗菌药物敏感性试验。鼓励细菌学自动化以缩短周转时间。基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱可用于尿路病原体的快速鉴定。尿液气球菌，A.sanguinicola和schaalii动菌被列入尿路病原体名单。针对尿液细菌培养物开发了参考检查程序。
结论：在以下方面建立了分级建议。
■针对复杂或不复杂的尿路感染（UTI）患者描述了尿液检测策略，和肾脏疾病的高风险或低风险。
■患者准备，和尿液收集支持两个质量指标：污染率（培养），和尿液密度(化学，颗粒)。
■建议测量尿白蛋白和α1-微球蛋白，以敏感地检测高风险患者的肾脏疾病。给出了尿蛋白测量和多属性试条质量控制的性能规范。
■对诊断尿液颗粒的显微镜检查程序进行了审查，包括尿液中的细菌.自动颗粒计数和视觉显微镜技术更新了如何使用参考显微镜验证新仪器的建议。
■建议将生色琼脂作为尿液培养物中的主要培养基。审查了显著增长的极限，与常规标本的优化工作流程，使用白细胞增多症减少不太重要的抗菌药物敏感性试验。鼓励细菌学自动化以缩短周转时间。基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱可用于尿路病原体的快速鉴定。尿液气球菌，A.sanguinicola和schaalii动菌被列入尿路病原体名单。针对尿液细菌培养物开发了参考检查程序。
