Abstract：
Aflatoxins are one of the major factors that affect the quality and safety of feeds. They can be transferred into livestock through contaminated feed and then onto humans via animal sources of food such as milk, meat, and eggs. The objective of this study was to detect and quantify the level of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2, and total aflatoxin) in dairy feeds, poultry (layer and broiler) feeds, and feed ingredients produced in Addis Ababa. A total of 42 feeds and feed ingredients consisting of dairy feeds (n = 5), poultry broiler feeds (n = 6), layer feeds (n = 6), and feed ingredients (n = 25) were collected from feed factories in the city and analyzed in fresh weigh basis. The aflatoxins were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography after clean-up with immunoaffinity columns. Aflatoxin B1 levels in feeds ranged from 51.66 to 370.51 µg/kg in dairy cattle feed, from 1.45 to 139.51 µg/kg in poultry layer feed, and from 16.49 to 148.86 µg/kg in broiler feed. Aflatoxin B1 levels in maize ranged from 2.64 to 46.74 µg/kg and in Niger seed cake from 110.93 to 438.86 µg/kg. Aflatoxin B1 levels in wheat bran, wheat middling, and soybean were below 5 µg/kg. 100% of dairy feeds, 67% of poultry layer, 67% of broiler feeds, and 24% of ingredients contained aflatoxin in levels higher than the maximum tolerable limit set by the US Food and Drug Administration and Ethiopian Standard Agency. This shows the need for strong regulatory monitoring and better feed management practices to prevent consumers of animal-source foods from significant health impacts associated with aflatoxins.
摘要：
黄曲霉毒素是影响饲料质量和安全的主要因素之一。它们可以通过受污染的饲料转移到牲畜中，然后通过牛奶等动物来源的食物转移到人类身上，肉，和鸡蛋。这项研究的目的是检测和量化黄曲霉毒素的水平（B1，B2，G1，G2和总黄曲霉毒素）在乳品饲料，家禽（蛋鸡和肉鸡）饲料，和亚的斯亚贝巴生产的饲料原料。共42种饲料和饲料原料组成的奶牛饲料（n=5），家禽肉鸡饲料（n=6），层馈送(n=6)，从该市的饲料厂收集饲料原料（n=25），并以新鲜的重量进行分析。用免疫亲和柱净化后，使用高效液相色谱法分析黄曲霉毒素。饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量范围为51.66至370.51µg/kg，家禽蛋鸡饲料从1.45到139.51微克/千克，肉鸡饲料从16.49到148.86微克/千克。玉米中的黄曲霉毒素B1含量为2.64至46.74µg/kg，尼日尔种子饼中的黄曲霉毒素B1含量为110.93至438.86µg/kg。麦麸中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量,小麦中等，大豆低于5微克/千克。100%的奶牛饲料，67%的家禽层，67%的肉鸡饲料，24％的成分含有黄曲霉毒素，其含量高于美国食品和药物管理局和埃塞俄比亚标准局设定的最大耐受限值。这表明需要强有力的监管监测和更好的饲料管理实践，以防止动物源食品的消费者受到与黄曲霉毒素相关的重大健康影响。
