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Abstract：
The anatomy of the lateral meniscus underlies the understanding of its unique biomechanics. Moreover, the knowledge of its microscopic structure, its vascularization and its ligament insertions can make us understand the rationale for its surgical treatment. It is well known as the respect of the anatomy leads to better results in reconstructive surgery. Knowing the differences in the shape and in the areas of insertion of the meniscal roots can be useful in case of reinserting a root or when performing a meniscal transplant. Learning about the capsular insertions, the anchoring ligaments and the areas of greatest mobility of the lateral meniscus is useful during meniscal repair and replacement surgery. This information can let us choose the most appropriate technique and the best device to face any kind of meniscal lesion. In this article, we will consider both the micro and the macro meniscal structure in order to be able to give a description as complete as possible of this fundamental structure. We will consider the interrelation of the meniscus with the neighboring anatomical structures with which it contributes to the biomechanical control of the joint. It is important to understand the interrelation with both anterior and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) given that frequently a combined meniscal and ligamentous reconstruction is necessary.
摘要：
外侧半月板的解剖结构是对其独特生物力学的理解的基础。此外，其微观结构的知识，它的血管化和韧带插入可以使我们了解其手术治疗的原理。众所周知，解剖结构的尊重导致重建手术的更好结果。知道半月板根部的形状和插入区域的差异在重新插入根部的情况下或在进行半月板移植时是有用的。学习囊插入，锚定韧带和外侧半月板的最大活动度区域在半月板修复和置换手术期间是有用的。这些信息可以让我们选择最合适的技术和最佳设备来面对任何类型的半月板病变。在这篇文章中,我们将考虑微观和宏观半月板结构，以便能够尽可能完整地描述这种基本结构。我们将考虑半月板与相邻解剖结构的相互关系，从而有助于关节的生物力学控制。重要的是要了解与前交叉韧带和后交叉韧带（PCL）的相互关系，因为通常需要结合半月板和韧带重建。
