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Abstract：
Sugarcane is the most important sugar and energy crop in the world. During sugarcane breeding, technology is the requirement and methods are the means. As we know, seed is the cornerstone of the development of the sugarcane industry. Over the past century, with the advancement of technology and the expansion of methods, sugarcane breeding has continued to improve, and sugarcane production has realized a leaping growth, providing a large amount of essential sugar and clean energy for the long-term mankind development, especially in the face of the future threats of world population explosion, reduction of available arable land, and various biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, due to narrow genetic foundation, serious varietal degradation, lack of breakthrough varieties, as well as long breeding cycle and low probability of gene polymerization, it is particularly important to realize the leapfrog development of sugarcane breeding by seizing the opportunity for the emerging Breeding 4.0, and making full use of modern biotechnology including but not limited to whole genome selection, transgene, gene editing, and synthetic biology, combined with information technology such as remote sensing and deep learning. In view of this, we focus on sugarcane breeding from the perspective of technology and methods, reviewing the main history, pointing out the current status and challenges, and providing a reasonable outlook on the prospects of smart breeding.
摘要：
甘蔗是世界上最重要的糖和能源作物。在甘蔗育种过程中,技术是要求,方法是手段。我们知道,种子是甘蔗产业发展的基石。在过去的一个世纪里,随着技术的进步和方法的扩展，甘蔗育种不断提高，甘蔗生产实现了跨越式增长，为人类的长期发展提供大量的必需糖和清洁能源，特别是面对未来世界人口爆炸的威胁，减少可用耕地，以及各种生物和非生物胁迫。此外，由于狭窄的遗传基础，严重的品种退化，缺乏突破性的品种，以及育种周期长，基因聚合概率低，抓住新兴育种4.0的机遇，充分利用包括但不限于全基因组选择在内的现代生物技术，实现甘蔗育种的跨越式发展尤为重要，转基因，基因编辑,和合成生物学，与遥感、深度学习等信息技术相结合。鉴于此,我们从技术和方法的角度关注甘蔗育种，回顾主要历史，指出当前的现状和挑战，并对智能育种的前景进行了合理的展望。
