PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Forensic dentistry plays a pivotal role in identifying deceased individuals when visual or other means of identification are not possible, particularly in the aftermath of mass disasters or criminal activities. Accurate and timely identification of the deceased and injured becomes crucial following events like earthquakes, fires, transport accidents, gunshot incidents, floods, tsunamis, bomb blasts, and terrorist attacks. The process of creating a person\'s identity is a formidable task, often relying on prevalent methods such as dental, DNA, and fingerprint analyses. Forensic odontology, a specialized field within dentistry, assumes a significant role in identifying individuals in accidents, civil unrest, natural and mass disasters, and crimes related to genocide. In cases where natural teeth are absent, the marking or labeling of dentures becomes essential for personal identification. Teeth\'s resilience to destruction and decomposition makes dental identification feasible even under extreme conditions. The fundamental principle of forensic dentistry rests on the uniqueness of each individual\'s oral structure, emphasizing that no two mouths are identical, not even in the case of twins. The purpose of this review is to explore the role of forensic dentistry in identifying individuals through various methods such as denture labeling, cheiloscopy, radiographs, bite mark analysis, rugoscopy, salivary signature, age and sex estimation, dental DNA identification, individual characteristics, and denture marking. Based on detailed ante-mortem records from dental specialists, which are compared to postmortem data during investigations, forensic dentistry is a trustworthy technique for identifying deceased individuals and criminals.
摘要：
当视觉或其他识别手段不可能时，法医牙科在识别死者中起着关键作用，特别是在大规模灾难或犯罪活动之后。在地震等事件发生后，准确及时地识别死者和伤者变得至关重要，火灾,运输事故,枪击事件,洪水,海啸,炸弹爆炸,和恐怖袭击。创建一个人的身份的过程是一项艰巨的任务，通常依赖于流行的方法，如牙科，DNA,和指纹分析。法医牙本质学,牙科专业领域，在识别事故中的个人方面发挥着重要作用，内乱,自然灾害和大规模灾害，与种族灭绝有关的罪行。如果没有天然牙齿，假牙的标记或标签对于个人识别至关重要。牙齿的抗破坏和分解能力使牙齿识别即使在极端条件下也是可行的。法医牙科的基本原则取决于每个人口腔结构的独特性，强调没有两个嘴巴是相同的，即使是双胞胎。这篇综述的目的是探讨法医牙科在通过各种方法识别个体中的作用，例如义齿标签，唇镜检查,射线照片,咬痕分析,镜检,唾液特征,年龄和性别估计，牙齿DNA鉴定，个体特征,和假牙标记。根据牙科专家的详细验尸记录,将其与调查期间的尸检数据进行比较，法医牙科是识别死者和罪犯的可靠技术。
