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Abstract：
This research aimed to examine the diagnostic accuracy and clinical significance of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the context of small rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). A total of 108 patients with rectal subepithelial lesions (SELs) with a diameter of < 20 mm were included in the analysis. The diagnosis and depth assessment of EUS was compared to the histology findings. The prevalence of NENs in rectal SELs was 78.7% (85/108). The sensitivity of EUS in detecting rectal NENs was 98.9% (84/85), while the specificity was 52.2% (12/23). Overall, the diagnostic accuracy of EUS in identifying rectal NENs was 88.9% (96/108). The overall accuracy rate for EUS in assessing the depth of invasion in rectal NENs was 92.9% (78/84). Therefore, EUS demonstrates reasonable diagnostic accuracy in detecting small rectal NENs, with good sensitivity but inferior specificity. EUS may also assist physicians in assessing the depth of invasion in small rectal NENs before endoscopic excision.
摘要：
本研究旨在探讨内镜超声（EUS）在直肠小神经内分泌肿瘤（NENs）中的诊断准确性和临床意义。共有108例直径<20mm的直肠上皮下病变（SEL）患者被纳入分析。将EUS的诊断和深度评估与组织学发现进行比较。直肠SELs中NENs的患病率为78.7%(85/108)。EUS检测直肠NENs的灵敏度为98.9%(84/85),而特异性为52.2%(12/23)。总的来说,EUS对直肠NENs的诊断准确率为88.9%(96/108).EUS评估直肠NEN浸润深度的总体准确率为92.9％（78/84）。因此,EUS在检测直肠小NENs方面表现出合理的诊断准确性，敏感性好，但特异性差。EUS还可以帮助医生在内窥镜切除之前评估小直肠NENs的浸润深度。
