PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is a multivariate motor speech disorder that requires a motor-based intervention approach. There is limited treatment research on young children with CAS, reflecting a critical gap in the literature given that features of CAS are often in full expression early in development. Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing (DTTC) is a treatment approach designed for children with severe CAS, yet the use of DTTC with children younger than 3 years of age has not been examined.
A multiple single-case design was employed to examine the use of DTTC in seven children with CAS (aged 2.5-5 years) over the course of 6 weeks of intervention. Changes in word accuracy were measured in treated words from baseline to posttreatment and from baseline to maintenance (6 weeks posttreatment). Generalization of word accuracy changes to matched untreated words was also examined. A linear mixed-effects model was used to estimate the change in word accuracy for treated and untreated words across all children from baseline to posttreatment and to maintenance. A quasi-Poisson regression model was used to estimate mean change and calculate effect sizes for treated and untreated words.
Group-level analyses revealed significant changes in word accuracy for treated and untreated words at posttreatment and maintenance. At the child level, six of seven children displayed medium-to-large effect sizes where word accuracy increased in an average of 3.4/5 words across all children. Each child displayed some degree of generalization to untreated targets, specifically for words with the same syllable shape as the treated words.
These results demonstrate that DTTC can yield positive change in some young children with CAS. Key differences in each child\'s performance are highlighted.
A multiple single-case design was employed to examine the use of DTTC in seven children with CAS (aged 2.5-5 years) over the course of 6 weeks of intervention. Changes in word accuracy were measured in treated words from baseline to posttreatment and from baseline to maintenance (6 weeks posttreatment). Generalization of word accuracy changes to matched untreated words was also examined. A linear mixed-effects model was used to estimate the change in word accuracy for treated and untreated words across all children from baseline to posttreatment and to maintenance. A quasi-Poisson regression model was used to estimate mean change and calculate effect sizes for treated and untreated words.
Group-level analyses revealed significant changes in word accuracy for treated and untreated words at posttreatment and maintenance. At the child level, six of seven children displayed medium-to-large effect sizes where word accuracy increased in an average of 3.4/5 words across all children. Each child displayed some degree of generalization to untreated targets, specifically for words with the same syllable shape as the treated words.
These results demonstrate that DTTC can yield positive change in some young children with CAS. Key differences in each child\'s performance are highlighted.
摘要：
■儿童言语失用症（CAS）是一种多变量运动言语障碍，需要基于运动的干预方法。对患有CAS的幼儿的治疗研究有限，鉴于CAS的特征通常在开发早期就得到充分表达，这反映了文献中的关键差距。动态时间和触觉提示（DTTC）是为患有严重CAS的儿童设计的治疗方法，然而,尚未检查3岁以下儿童使用DTTC的情况.
■在6周的干预过程中，采用多病例设计来检查7名患有CAS（年龄2.5-5岁）的儿童使用DTTC的情况。从基线到治疗后以及从基线到维持（治疗后6周），在治疗单词中测量单词准确性的变化。还检查了单词准确性变化对匹配的未处理单词的概括。使用线性混合效应模型来估计从基线到治疗后和维持的所有儿童中治疗和未治疗单词的单词准确性变化。使用准泊松回归模型来估计平均变化并计算处理和未处理单词的效果大小。
■组水平的分析显示，经过处理和未处理的单词在后处理和维护时的单词准确性发生了显着变化。在儿童层面，7名儿童中有6名表现出中等到大的效果大小，所有儿童的单词准确性平均提高了3.4/5个单词。每个孩子都对未经治疗的目标表现出一定程度的概括，专门针对与处理过的单词具有相同音节形状的单词。
■这些结果表明，DTTC可以在一些患有CAS的幼儿中产生积极的变化。突出显示了每个孩子的性能中的关键差异。
■在6周的干预过程中，采用多病例设计来检查7名患有CAS（年龄2.5-5岁）的儿童使用DTTC的情况。从基线到治疗后以及从基线到维持（治疗后6周），在治疗单词中测量单词准确性的变化。还检查了单词准确性变化对匹配的未处理单词的概括。使用线性混合效应模型来估计从基线到治疗后和维持的所有儿童中治疗和未治疗单词的单词准确性变化。使用准泊松回归模型来估计平均变化并计算处理和未处理单词的效果大小。
■组水平的分析显示，经过处理和未处理的单词在后处理和维护时的单词准确性发生了显着变化。在儿童层面，7名儿童中有6名表现出中等到大的效果大小，所有儿童的单词准确性平均提高了3.4/5个单词。每个孩子都对未经治疗的目标表现出一定程度的概括，专门针对与处理过的单词具有相同音节形状的单词。
■这些结果表明，DTTC可以在一些患有CAS的幼儿中产生积极的变化。突出显示了每个孩子的性能中的关键差异。
