Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Left-behind adolescents are vulnerable to depressive symptoms under the context of parent-adolescent separation. However, limited knowledge is available regarding left-behind adolescents\' depression trajectory and the protective resources against it. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the depression trajectory and its association with parent-adolescent separation (left-behind status, age of separation and duration of separation) and parent-adolescent cohesion (father-adolescent cohesion, mother-adolescent cohesion) among left-behind adolescents.
METHODS: The participants were 1,107 left-behind adolescents (Mage = 13.23 ± 0.86 years at T1; 45.17% girls; 38.48% both-parent migrant adolescents, 61.52% father-only migrant adolescents) from two rural areas of Shandong Province in China, who were participated in assessment at three time points with 6 months apart from November 2014 to November 2015.
RESULTS: The results indicated that the trajectory of left-behind adolescents\' depression symptoms showed a decreasing trend. Both-parent migrant adolescents reported a higher initial level of depressive symptoms than father-only migrant adolescents. Duration of separation positively predicted the initial level of left-behind adolescents\' depressive symptoms. Mother-adolescent cohesion negatively predicted the initial level and positively predicted the change rate of left-behind adolescents\' depressive symptoms. Moreover, mother-adolescent and father-adolescent cohesion buffered the negative effect of parent-adolescent separation on the initial level of left-behind adolescents\' depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the protective role of parent-adolescent cohesion for left-behind adolescents, having important implications for interventions targeted toward mitigating the detrimental influence of parent-adolescent separation on left-behind adolescents\' depression trajectory.
METHODS: The participants were 1,107 left-behind adolescents (Mage = 13.23 ± 0.86 years at T1; 45.17% girls; 38.48% both-parent migrant adolescents, 61.52% father-only migrant adolescents) from two rural areas of Shandong Province in China, who were participated in assessment at three time points with 6 months apart from November 2014 to November 2015.
RESULTS: The results indicated that the trajectory of left-behind adolescents\' depression symptoms showed a decreasing trend. Both-parent migrant adolescents reported a higher initial level of depressive symptoms than father-only migrant adolescents. Duration of separation positively predicted the initial level of left-behind adolescents\' depressive symptoms. Mother-adolescent cohesion negatively predicted the initial level and positively predicted the change rate of left-behind adolescents\' depressive symptoms. Moreover, mother-adolescent and father-adolescent cohesion buffered the negative effect of parent-adolescent separation on the initial level of left-behind adolescents\' depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the protective role of parent-adolescent cohesion for left-behind adolescents, having important implications for interventions targeted toward mitigating the detrimental influence of parent-adolescent separation on left-behind adolescents\' depression trajectory.
摘要：
背景：留守青少年在父母与青少年分离的背景下容易出现抑郁症状。然而,关于留守青少年抑郁轨迹和对抗抑郁的保护资源的知识有限。这项纵向研究的目的是调查抑郁的轨迹及其与父母-青少年分离(留守状态，分离年龄和分离持续时间)和父母-青少年凝聚力(父亲-青少年凝聚力，母亲-青少年凝聚力)在留守青少年中。
方法：参与者为1,107名留守青少年（T1时Mage=13.23±0.86岁；45.17％的女孩；38.48％的双亲移民青少年，61.52％的只有父亲的流动青少年）来自中国山东省的两个农村地区，2014年11月至2015年11月,参与者在相隔6个月的三个时间点参加评估.
结果：结果表明，留守青少年抑郁症状的发展轨迹呈减少趋势。双亲移民青少年报告的抑郁症状的初始水平高于仅父亲移民青少年。分离持续时间正预测了留守青少年抑郁症状的初始水平。母亲与青少年的凝聚力对初始水平有负预测，对留守青少年抑郁症状的变化率有正预测。此外，母亲-青少年和父亲-青少年的凝聚力缓冲了父母-青少年分离对留守青少年抑郁症状初始水平的负面影响。
结论：这些发现强调了父母-青少年凝聚力对留守青少年的保护作用，对于旨在减轻父母与青少年分离对留守青少年抑郁轨迹的有害影响的干预措施具有重要意义。
方法：参与者为1,107名留守青少年（T1时Mage=13.23±0.86岁；45.17％的女孩；38.48％的双亲移民青少年，61.52％的只有父亲的流动青少年）来自中国山东省的两个农村地区，2014年11月至2015年11月,参与者在相隔6个月的三个时间点参加评估.
结果：结果表明，留守青少年抑郁症状的发展轨迹呈减少趋势。双亲移民青少年报告的抑郁症状的初始水平高于仅父亲移民青少年。分离持续时间正预测了留守青少年抑郁症状的初始水平。母亲与青少年的凝聚力对初始水平有负预测，对留守青少年抑郁症状的变化率有正预测。此外，母亲-青少年和父亲-青少年的凝聚力缓冲了父母-青少年分离对留守青少年抑郁症状初始水平的负面影响。
结论：这些发现强调了父母-青少年凝聚力对留守青少年的保护作用，对于旨在减轻父母与青少年分离对留守青少年抑郁轨迹的有害影响的干预措施具有重要意义。
