Abstract：
With the development of gut microbiota-specific interventions for mental disorders, the interactions between plant polysaccharides and microbiota in the intestinal and their consequent effects are becoming increasingly important. In this review, we discussed the role of plant polysaccharides in improving various mental disorders via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The chemical and structural characteristics and metabolites of these plant polysaccharides were summarised. Plant polysaccharides and their metabolites have great potential for reshaping gut microbiota profiles through gut microbiota-dependent fermentation. Along the microbiota-gut-brain axis, the consequent pharmacological processes that lead to the elimination of the symptoms of mental disorders include 1) regulation of the central monoamine neurotransmitters, amino acid transmitters and cholinergic signalling system; 2) alleviation of central and peripheral inflammation mainly through the NLRP3/NF-κB-related signalling pathway; 3) inhibition of neuronal apoptosis; and 4) enhancement of antioxidant activities. According to this review, monosaccharide glucose and structure -4-α-Glcp-(1→ are the most potent compositions of the most reported plant polysaccharides. However, the causal structure-activity relationship remains to be extensively explored. Moreover, mechanistic elucidation, safety verification, and additional rigorous human studies are expected to advance plant polysaccharide-based product development targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis for people with mental disorders.
摘要：
随着针对精神障碍的肠道微生物群特异性干预措施的发展，植物多糖与肠道微生物群之间的相互作用及其相应的作用变得越来越重要。在这次审查中,我们讨论了植物多糖通过微生物群-肠-脑轴改善各种精神障碍的作用。总结了这些植物多糖的化学和结构特征以及代谢产物。植物多糖及其代谢产物具有通过肠道微生物群依赖发酵重塑肠道微生物群的巨大潜力。沿着微生物群-肠道-大脑轴，导致消除精神障碍症状的后续药理过程包括1）调节中枢单胺神经递质，氨基酸递质和胆碱能信号系统；2）主要通过NLRP3/NF-κB相关信号通路缓解中枢和外周炎症；3）抑制神经元凋亡；和4）增强抗氧化活性。根据这次审查，单糖葡萄糖和结构-4-α-Glcp-（1→是报道最多的植物多糖中最有效的成分。然而,因果结构-活动关系还有待广泛探讨。此外，机械阐明，安全验证,和其他严格的人体研究预计将推进植物多糖为基础的产品开发针对微生物群-肠-脑轴患有精神疾病的人。
