PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Promoting the synchronization of glucose and amino acid release in the digestive tract of pigs could effectively improve dietary nitrogen utilization. The rational allocation of dietary starch sources and the exploration of appropriate dietary glucose release kinetics may promote the dynamic balance of dietary glucose and amino acid supplies. However, research on the effects of diets with different glucose release kinetic profiles on amino acid absorption and portal amino acid appearance in piglets is limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization, the portal amino acid profile, and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in piglets.
METHODS: Sixty-four barrows (15.00 ± 1.12 kg) were randomly allotted to 4 groups and fed diets formulated with starch from corn, corn/barley, corn/sorghum, or corn/cassava combinations (diets were coded A, B, C, or D respectively). Protein retention, the concentrations of portal amino acid and glucose, and the relative expression of amino acid and glucose transporter mRNAs were investigated. In vitro digestion was used to compare the dietary glucose release profiles.
RESULTS: Four piglet diets with different glucose release kinetics were constructed by adjusting starch sources. The in vivo appearance dynamics of portal glucose were consistent with those of in vitro dietary glucose release kinetics. Total nitrogen excretion was reduced in the piglets in group B, while apparent nitrogen digestibility and nitrogen retention increased (P < 0.05). Regardless of the time (2 h or 4 h after morning feeding), the portal total free amino acids content and contents of some individual amino acids (Thr, Glu, Gly, Ala, and Ile) of the piglets in group B were significantly higher than those in groups A, C, and D (P < 0.05). Cluster analysis showed that different glucose release kinetic patterns resulted in different portal amino acid patterns in piglets, which decreased gradually with the extension of feeding time. The portal His/Phe, Pro/Glu, Leu/Val, Lys/Met, Tyr/Ile and Ala/Gly appeared higher similarity among the diet treatments. In the anterior jejunum, the glucose transporter SGLT1 was significantly positively correlated with the amino acid transporters B0AT1, EAAC1, and CAT1.
CONCLUSIONS: Rational allocation of starch resources could regulate dietary glucose release kinetics. In the present study, group B (corn/barley) diet exhibited a better glucose release kinetic pattern than the other groups, which could affect the portal amino acid contents and patterns by regulating the expression of amino acid transporters in the small intestine, thereby promoting nitrogen deposition in the body, and improving the utilization efficiency of dietary nitrogen.
METHODS: Sixty-four barrows (15.00 ± 1.12 kg) were randomly allotted to 4 groups and fed diets formulated with starch from corn, corn/barley, corn/sorghum, or corn/cassava combinations (diets were coded A, B, C, or D respectively). Protein retention, the concentrations of portal amino acid and glucose, and the relative expression of amino acid and glucose transporter mRNAs were investigated. In vitro digestion was used to compare the dietary glucose release profiles.
RESULTS: Four piglet diets with different glucose release kinetics were constructed by adjusting starch sources. The in vivo appearance dynamics of portal glucose were consistent with those of in vitro dietary glucose release kinetics. Total nitrogen excretion was reduced in the piglets in group B, while apparent nitrogen digestibility and nitrogen retention increased (P < 0.05). Regardless of the time (2 h or 4 h after morning feeding), the portal total free amino acids content and contents of some individual amino acids (Thr, Glu, Gly, Ala, and Ile) of the piglets in group B were significantly higher than those in groups A, C, and D (P < 0.05). Cluster analysis showed that different glucose release kinetic patterns resulted in different portal amino acid patterns in piglets, which decreased gradually with the extension of feeding time. The portal His/Phe, Pro/Glu, Leu/Val, Lys/Met, Tyr/Ile and Ala/Gly appeared higher similarity among the diet treatments. In the anterior jejunum, the glucose transporter SGLT1 was significantly positively correlated with the amino acid transporters B0AT1, EAAC1, and CAT1.
CONCLUSIONS: Rational allocation of starch resources could regulate dietary glucose release kinetics. In the present study, group B (corn/barley) diet exhibited a better glucose release kinetic pattern than the other groups, which could affect the portal amino acid contents and patterns by regulating the expression of amino acid transporters in the small intestine, thereby promoting nitrogen deposition in the body, and improving the utilization efficiency of dietary nitrogen.
摘要：
背景：促进猪消化道葡萄糖和氨基酸同步释放可有效提高饲粮氮利用率。合理分配膳食淀粉来源和探索适宜的膳食葡萄糖释放动力学可能促进膳食葡萄糖和氨基酸供应的动态平衡。然而,关于不同葡萄糖释放动力学曲线的日粮对仔猪氨基酸吸收和门静脉氨基酸外观的影响的研究有限。本研究旨在探讨饲粮葡萄糖释放动力学模式对氮素利用的影响,门静脉氨基酸图谱，和营养转运蛋白在仔猪肠道肠上皮细胞中的表达。
方法：将64只手推车（15.00±1.12kg）随机分配到4组，并用玉米淀粉制成饲料，玉米/大麦,玉米/高粱，或玉米/木薯组合(饮食编码为A，B,C,或分别为D)。蛋白质滞留,门静脉氨基酸和葡萄糖的浓度，并研究了氨基酸和葡萄糖转运蛋白mRNA的相对表达。使用体外消化来比较饮食中的葡萄糖释放曲线。
结果：通过调节淀粉来源，构建了四种具有不同葡萄糖释放动力学的仔猪日粮。门静脉葡萄糖的体内外观动力学与体外饮食葡萄糖释放动力学一致。B组仔猪的总氮排泄减少,表观氮消化率和氮保留率增加(P<0.05)。无论时间如何（早上喂食后2小时或4小时），门静脉总游离氨基酸含量和某些单个氨基酸的含量(Thr，Glu,Gly,阿拉,B组仔猪的Ile）明显高于A组，C,和D(P<0.05)。聚类分析表明,不同的葡萄糖释放动力学模式导致仔猪门静脉氨基酸模式不同,随着饲喂时间的延长而逐渐减少。门户网站His/Phe，Pro/Glu,Leu/Val,Lys/Met,Tyr/Ile和Ala/Gly在饮食处理中表现出更高的相似性。在空肠前段,葡萄糖转运蛋白SGLT1与氨基酸转运蛋白B0AT1、EAAC1和CAT1呈显著正相关。
结论：合理分配淀粉资源可调节饲粮葡萄糖释放动力学。在本研究中,B组（玉米/大麦）饮食表现出比其他组更好的葡萄糖释放动力学模式，通过调节小肠中氨基酸转运体的表达来影响门静脉氨基酸的含量和模式,从而促进体内氮的沉积，提高日粮氮的利用效率。
方法：将64只手推车（15.00±1.12kg）随机分配到4组，并用玉米淀粉制成饲料，玉米/大麦,玉米/高粱，或玉米/木薯组合(饮食编码为A，B,C,或分别为D)。蛋白质滞留,门静脉氨基酸和葡萄糖的浓度，并研究了氨基酸和葡萄糖转运蛋白mRNA的相对表达。使用体外消化来比较饮食中的葡萄糖释放曲线。
结果：通过调节淀粉来源，构建了四种具有不同葡萄糖释放动力学的仔猪日粮。门静脉葡萄糖的体内外观动力学与体外饮食葡萄糖释放动力学一致。B组仔猪的总氮排泄减少,表观氮消化率和氮保留率增加(P<0.05)。无论时间如何（早上喂食后2小时或4小时），门静脉总游离氨基酸含量和某些单个氨基酸的含量(Thr，Glu,Gly,阿拉,B组仔猪的Ile）明显高于A组，C,和D(P<0.05)。聚类分析表明,不同的葡萄糖释放动力学模式导致仔猪门静脉氨基酸模式不同,随着饲喂时间的延长而逐渐减少。门户网站His/Phe，Pro/Glu,Leu/Val,Lys/Met,Tyr/Ile和Ala/Gly在饮食处理中表现出更高的相似性。在空肠前段,葡萄糖转运蛋白SGLT1与氨基酸转运蛋白B0AT1、EAAC1和CAT1呈显著正相关。
结论：合理分配淀粉资源可调节饲粮葡萄糖释放动力学。在本研究中,B组（玉米/大麦）饮食表现出比其他组更好的葡萄糖释放动力学模式，通过调节小肠中氨基酸转运体的表达来影响门静脉氨基酸的含量和模式,从而促进体内氮的沉积，提高日粮氮的利用效率。
