Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Reactive arthritis (ReA) provides a unique opportunity to comprehend how a mucosal infection leads to inflammatory arthritis at a distant site without the apparent invasion of the pathogen. Unfortunately, conventional stool cultures after ReA provide limited information, and there is a dearth of metagenomic studies in ReA. The objective of this study was to identify gut microbiota associated with the development of ReA.
METHODS: Patients with ReA or undifferentiated peripheral spondyloarthritis (UpSpA) were included if they presented within 4 weeks of the onset of the current episode of arthritis. Metagenomic DNA was extracted from the stools of these patients and of 36 age- and sex-similar controls. Sequencing and analysis were done using a standard 16S ribosomal pipeline.
RESULTS: Of 55 patients, there was no difference between the gut microbiota of postdiarrheal ReA(n = 20) and of upSpA (n = 35). Comparing the gut microbiota of patients vs healthy controls, the patients had significantly higher alpha and beta diversity measures. After stringency filters, Proteobacteria had high abundance while Firmicutes had lesser as compared with the controls. Six families were overexpressed in patients, while another five were overexpressed in controls. Sixteen genera and 18 species were significantly different between patients and controls. At the species level there was strong association of Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium septicum Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Empedobacter brevis, Roseburia hominis, Bacillus velezensis, and Crassaminicella with ReA.
CONCLUSIONS: The microbiota of classical gut-associated ReA and upSpA is similar. Patients have higher diversities in their gut microbiota compared with healthy controls. Both known and previously unreported species associated with ReA/upSpA were identified.
METHODS: Patients with ReA or undifferentiated peripheral spondyloarthritis (UpSpA) were included if they presented within 4 weeks of the onset of the current episode of arthritis. Metagenomic DNA was extracted from the stools of these patients and of 36 age- and sex-similar controls. Sequencing and analysis were done using a standard 16S ribosomal pipeline.
RESULTS: Of 55 patients, there was no difference between the gut microbiota of postdiarrheal ReA(n = 20) and of upSpA (n = 35). Comparing the gut microbiota of patients vs healthy controls, the patients had significantly higher alpha and beta diversity measures. After stringency filters, Proteobacteria had high abundance while Firmicutes had lesser as compared with the controls. Six families were overexpressed in patients, while another five were overexpressed in controls. Sixteen genera and 18 species were significantly different between patients and controls. At the species level there was strong association of Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium septicum Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Empedobacter brevis, Roseburia hominis, Bacillus velezensis, and Crassaminicella with ReA.
CONCLUSIONS: The microbiota of classical gut-associated ReA and upSpA is similar. Patients have higher diversities in their gut microbiota compared with healthy controls. Both known and previously unreported species associated with ReA/upSpA were identified.
摘要：
目的：反应性关节炎（ReA）提供了一个独特的机会来理解粘膜感染如何在远处导致炎性关节炎，而没有病原体的明显入侵。不幸的是,ReA后的常规粪便培养提供的信息有限，ReA缺乏宏基因组研究。这项研究的目的是确定与ReA发展相关的肠道微生物群。
方法：如果在当前关节炎发作后4周内出现，则包括ReA或未分化外周脊柱关节炎（UpSpA）患者。从这些患者的粪便和36个年龄和性别相似的对照中提取宏基因组DNA。使用标准16S核糖体管道进行测序和分析。
结果：在55名患者中，腹泻后ReA（n=20）和upSpA（n=35）的肠道菌群之间没有差异。比较患者与健康对照组的肠道菌群，患者的α和β多样性测量值显著较高.在严格性过滤器之后，与对照相比，变形杆菌的丰度较高，而Firmicutes的丰度较低。六个家庭在患者中过度表达，而另外五个在对照组中过度表达。患者和对照组之间的16属和18种有显着差异。在物种水平上，金黄色葡萄球菌有很强的关联，败血梭菌肺炎克雷伯菌,大肠杆菌,短杆菌,罗西布里亚人，velezensis,和Crassaminicella与ReA。
结论：经典肠道相关ReA和upSpA的微生物群相似。与健康对照相比，患者的肠道微生物群有更高的多样性。确定了与ReA/upSpA相关的已知和先前未报告的物种。
方法：如果在当前关节炎发作后4周内出现，则包括ReA或未分化外周脊柱关节炎（UpSpA）患者。从这些患者的粪便和36个年龄和性别相似的对照中提取宏基因组DNA。使用标准16S核糖体管道进行测序和分析。
结果：在55名患者中，腹泻后ReA（n=20）和upSpA（n=35）的肠道菌群之间没有差异。比较患者与健康对照组的肠道菌群，患者的α和β多样性测量值显著较高.在严格性过滤器之后，与对照相比，变形杆菌的丰度较高，而Firmicutes的丰度较低。六个家庭在患者中过度表达，而另外五个在对照组中过度表达。患者和对照组之间的16属和18种有显着差异。在物种水平上，金黄色葡萄球菌有很强的关联，败血梭菌肺炎克雷伯菌,大肠杆菌,短杆菌,罗西布里亚人，velezensis,和Crassaminicella与ReA。
结论：经典肠道相关ReA和upSpA的微生物群相似。与健康对照相比，患者的肠道微生物群有更高的多样性。确定了与ReA/upSpA相关的已知和先前未报告的物种。
