Abstract：
BACKGROUND: This study analyzes the relationship between measures of occupational accidents and workers\' perception of risk in the workplace using nationally representative data on workers\' characteristics and a complete record of occupational accidents.
METHODS: Regression analyzes addressing both the ordinal nature of the dependent variable and causality were conducted to control for different sociodemographic factors influencing workers\' perceptions of occupational risks. Special attention was paid to the risk level of the worker\'s workgroup, existence of family responsibilities, organizational safety culture, and measures of accident rates.
RESULTS: Individuals showed different perceptions of risk based on their personal and work characteristics. Significant associations were observed between each variable of interest and risk perception. Overall, the results remain robust across specifications addressing both simultaneity and ordinality.
CONCLUSIONS: Employees\' \"reading\" of hazards was not fully aligned with objective information on occupational accidents but depended on individual characteristics. Having family responsibilities or being unionized increased workers\' risk perception, whereas belonging to a workgroup with higher accident rates reduced it.
CONCLUSIONS: Knowing how workers perceive risk and how this perception deviates from statistical information on accidents are essential for management to accurately design safety measures. In this regard, specific characteristics such as age, having dependents in the family, or the typology of the workers\' workgroup should be taken into account. Greater knowledge of preventive measures will improve the way workers perceive risk, and ultimately contribute to reducing the likelihood of occupational accidents.
METHODS: Regression analyzes addressing both the ordinal nature of the dependent variable and causality were conducted to control for different sociodemographic factors influencing workers\' perceptions of occupational risks. Special attention was paid to the risk level of the worker\'s workgroup, existence of family responsibilities, organizational safety culture, and measures of accident rates.
RESULTS: Individuals showed different perceptions of risk based on their personal and work characteristics. Significant associations were observed between each variable of interest and risk perception. Overall, the results remain robust across specifications addressing both simultaneity and ordinality.
CONCLUSIONS: Employees\' \"reading\" of hazards was not fully aligned with objective information on occupational accidents but depended on individual characteristics. Having family responsibilities or being unionized increased workers\' risk perception, whereas belonging to a workgroup with higher accident rates reduced it.
CONCLUSIONS: Knowing how workers perceive risk and how this perception deviates from statistical information on accidents are essential for management to accurately design safety measures. In this regard, specific characteristics such as age, having dependents in the family, or the typology of the workers\' workgroup should be taken into account. Greater knowledge of preventive measures will improve the way workers perceive risk, and ultimately contribute to reducing the likelihood of occupational accidents.
摘要：
背景：这项研究使用全国代表性的工人特征数据和完整的职业事故记录，分析了职业事故测量与工人对工作场所风险的感知之间的关系。
方法：针对因变量的序数性质和因果关系进行回归分析，以控制影响工人对职业风险看法的不同社会人口统计学因素。特别注意工人工作组的风险水平，家庭责任的存在，组织安全文化，以及事故率的衡量标准。
结果：个人根据个人和工作特征对风险表现出不同的看法。在每个感兴趣的变量和风险感知之间观察到显着的关联。总的来说,在解决同时性和普遍性的规范中，结果保持稳健。
结论：员工对危害的“阅读”与职业事故的客观信息并不完全一致，而是取决于个体特征。承担家庭责任或加入工会会增加工人的风险认知，而属于事故率较高的工作组会降低事故率。
结论：了解工人如何感知风险以及这种感知如何偏离事故的统计信息对于管理层准确设计安全措施至关重要。在这方面,具体特征，如年龄，家庭中有家属，或应考虑工人工作组的类型。对预防措施的更多了解将改善工人感知风险的方式，并最终有助于减少职业事故的可能性。
方法：针对因变量的序数性质和因果关系进行回归分析，以控制影响工人对职业风险看法的不同社会人口统计学因素。特别注意工人工作组的风险水平，家庭责任的存在，组织安全文化，以及事故率的衡量标准。
结果：个人根据个人和工作特征对风险表现出不同的看法。在每个感兴趣的变量和风险感知之间观察到显着的关联。总的来说,在解决同时性和普遍性的规范中，结果保持稳健。
结论：员工对危害的“阅读”与职业事故的客观信息并不完全一致，而是取决于个体特征。承担家庭责任或加入工会会增加工人的风险认知，而属于事故率较高的工作组会降低事故率。
结论：了解工人如何感知风险以及这种感知如何偏离事故的统计信息对于管理层准确设计安全措施至关重要。在这方面,具体特征，如年龄，家庭中有家属，或应考虑工人工作组的类型。对预防措施的更多了解将改善工人感知风险的方式，并最终有助于减少职业事故的可能性。
