PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The presence of viruses that spread to both plant and fungal populations in nature has posed intriguingly scientific question. We found a negative-strand RNA virus related to members of the family Phenuiviridae, named Valsa mali negative-strand RNA virus 1 (VmNSRV1), which induced strong hypovirulence and was prevalent in a population of the phytopathogenic fungus of apple Valsa canker (Valsa mali) infecting apple orchards in the Shaanxi Province of China. Intriguingly, VmNSRV1 encodes a protein with a viral cell-to-cell movement function in plant tissue. Mechanical leaf inoculation showed that VmNSRV1 could systemically infect plants. Moreover, VmNSRV1 was detected in 24 out of 139 apple trees tested in orchards in Shaanxi Province. Fungal inoculation experiments showed that VmNSRV1 could be bidirectionally transmitted between apple plants and V. mali, and VmNSRV1 infection in plants reduced the development of fungal lesions on leaves. Additionally, the nucleocapsid protein encoded by VmNSRV1 is associated with and rearranged lipid droplets in both fungal and plant cells. VmNSRV1 represents a virus that has adapted and spread to both plant and fungal hosts and shuttles between these two organisms in nature (phyto-mycovirus) and is potential to be utilized for the biocontrol method against plant fungal diseases. This finding presents further insights into the virus evolution and adaptation encompassing both plant and fungal hosts.
摘要：
在自然界中传播到植物和真菌种群的病毒的存在提出了有趣的科学问题。我们发现了一种与Phenuiviridae家族成员相关的负链RNA病毒，命名为ValsaMali负链RNA病毒1（VmNSRV1），引起强烈的低毒力，并且在感染中国陕西省苹果园的苹果Valsa溃疡（Valsamali）的植物病原真菌种群中普遍存在。有趣的是，VmNSRV1编码在植物组织中具有病毒细胞到细胞运动功能的蛋白质。机械接种叶片表明VmNSRV1可以系统地感染植物。此外，在陕西省果园的139棵苹果树中，有24棵检测到VmNSRV1。真菌接种实验表明，VmNSRV1可以在苹果植株和马氏弧菌之间双向传播，植物中的VmNSRV1感染减少了叶片上真菌病变的发展。此外,VmNSRV1编码的核衣壳蛋白与真菌和植物细胞中的脂滴相关并重排。VmNSRV1代表一种病毒，该病毒已适应并传播到植物和真菌宿主以及自然界中这两种生物体之间的穿梭（植物-分枝杆菌病毒），并有可能用于针对植物真菌疾病的生物防治方法。这一发现提供了对涵盖植物和真菌宿主的病毒进化和适应的进一步见解。
