Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: How do people make judgments about actions that violate moral norms yet maximize the greater good (e.g., sacrificing the well-being of a small number of people for the well-being of a larger number of people)? Research on this question has been criticized for relying on highly artificial scenarios and for conflating multiple distinct factors underlying responses in moral dilemmas. The current article reviews research that used a computational modeling approach to disentangle the roles of multiple distinct factors in responses to plausible moral dilemmas based on real-world events. By disentangling sensitivity to consequences, sensitivity to moral norms, and general preference for inaction versus action in responses to realistic dilemmas, the reviewed work provides a more nuanced understanding of how people make judgments about the right course of action in moral dilemmas.
摘要：
■人们如何对违反道德规范的行为做出判断，但却最大限度地提高更大的利益（例如，为了更多的人的福祉而牺牲少数人的福祉）？对这个问题的研究因依赖高度人为的情景以及将道德困境中潜在的多种不同因素混为一谈而受到批评。本文回顾了使用计算建模方法来解决基于现实世界事件的合理道德困境中多个不同因素的作用的研究。通过解开对后果的敏感性，对道德规范的敏感性，以及在应对现实困境时普遍倾向于不作为而不是采取行动，审查的工作提供了一个更细致入微的理解，人们如何作出判断正确的行动过程中的道德困境。
