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Abstract：
This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of common pathogens contributing to childhood lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
A total of 11,891 enrolled patients, aged 1 month to 14 years, diagnosed with LRTIs and admitted to Xiangtan Central Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed in this study. Specifically, the epidemiological characteristics of these pathogens before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed.
There was a significant decrease in the number of children hospitalized with LRTIs during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) compared to data from 2018 to 2019 (before the COVID-19 pandemic). Of these cases, 60.01% (7,136/11,891) were male and 39.99% (4,755/11,891) were female. 78.9% (9,381/11,891) cases occurred in children under 4 years of age. The average pathogen detection rate among 11,891 hospitalized LRTIs children was 62.19% (7,395/11,891), with the average pathogen detection rate of 60.33% (4,635/7,682) and 65.57% (2,670/4,209) before and during COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. The detection rates of adenovirus (ADV), bordetella pertussis (BP) and moraxella catarrhalis (M. catarrhalis) decreased dramatically, while the detection rates of influenza viruses (IFV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae), streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae), and staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, RSV, mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), H. influenzae, and IFV were the major pathogens causing LRTIs in hospitalized children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Public health interventions for COVID-19 prevention are beneficial to reduce the incidence of LRTIs in children by limiting the prevalence of ADV, MP, BP, and M. catarrhalis, but which have limited restrictive effects on other common LRTIs-associated pathogens. Collectively, the data in this study comprehensively investigated the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory pathogens, which will be beneficial for improving early preventive measures.
A total of 11,891 enrolled patients, aged 1 month to 14 years, diagnosed with LRTIs and admitted to Xiangtan Central Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed in this study. Specifically, the epidemiological characteristics of these pathogens before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed.
There was a significant decrease in the number of children hospitalized with LRTIs during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) compared to data from 2018 to 2019 (before the COVID-19 pandemic). Of these cases, 60.01% (7,136/11,891) were male and 39.99% (4,755/11,891) were female. 78.9% (9,381/11,891) cases occurred in children under 4 years of age. The average pathogen detection rate among 11,891 hospitalized LRTIs children was 62.19% (7,395/11,891), with the average pathogen detection rate of 60.33% (4,635/7,682) and 65.57% (2,670/4,209) before and during COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. The detection rates of adenovirus (ADV), bordetella pertussis (BP) and moraxella catarrhalis (M. catarrhalis) decreased dramatically, while the detection rates of influenza viruses (IFV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae), streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae), and staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, RSV, mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), H. influenzae, and IFV were the major pathogens causing LRTIs in hospitalized children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Public health interventions for COVID-19 prevention are beneficial to reduce the incidence of LRTIs in children by limiting the prevalence of ADV, MP, BP, and M. catarrhalis, but which have limited restrictive effects on other common LRTIs-associated pathogens. Collectively, the data in this study comprehensively investigated the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory pathogens, which will be beneficial for improving early preventive measures.
摘要：
■本研究旨在调查湘潭市儿童下呼吸道感染（LRTIs）的常见病原体的流行病学特征，湖南省2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行之前和期间。
■共有11,891名登记患者，1个月至14岁，本研究对2018年1月至2021年12月湘潭市中心医院收治的LRTI患者进行回顾性分析.具体来说,分析了这些病原体在COVID-19大流行之前和期间的流行病学特征。
与2018年至2019年（COVID-19大流行之前）的数据相比，在COVID-19大流行期间（2020-2021年）住院的LRTI儿童数量显着减少。在这些案件中,60.01%(7,136/11,891)为男性,39.99%(4,755/11,891)为女性。78.9%(9,381/11,891)发生在4岁以下儿童中。11,891例住院LRTIs患儿病原体平均检出率为62.19%(7,395/11,891),在COVID-19大流行之前和期间，平均病原体检出率为60.33%(4,635/7,682)和65.57%(2,670/4,209)，分别。腺病毒(ADV)的检出率,百日咳博德特氏菌（BP）和卡他莫拉氏菌（M.粘膜炎)急剧下降，而流感病毒（IFV）的检出率，副流感病毒（PIV），呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV），流感嗜血杆菌（H.流感），肺炎链球菌(S.肺炎），和金黄色葡萄球菌(S.金黄色葡萄球菌）在COVID-19大流行期间显著增加。总的来说,RSV,肺炎支原体（MP），流感嗜血杆菌，在COVID-19大流行之前和期间，IFV和IFV是导致住院儿童LRTI的主要病原体。
■预防COVID-19的公共卫生干预措施有利于通过限制ADV的患病率来降低儿童LRTI的发病率，MP,BP,和粘膜炎分枝杆菌,但对其他常见的LRTIs相关病原体的限制性作用有限。总的来说，本研究的数据全面调查了COVID-19大流行对呼吸道病原体流行病学特征的影响，这将有利于改进早期预防措施。
■共有11,891名登记患者，1个月至14岁，本研究对2018年1月至2021年12月湘潭市中心医院收治的LRTI患者进行回顾性分析.具体来说,分析了这些病原体在COVID-19大流行之前和期间的流行病学特征。
与2018年至2019年（COVID-19大流行之前）的数据相比，在COVID-19大流行期间（2020-2021年）住院的LRTI儿童数量显着减少。在这些案件中,60.01%(7,136/11,891)为男性,39.99%(4,755/11,891)为女性。78.9%(9,381/11,891)发生在4岁以下儿童中。11,891例住院LRTIs患儿病原体平均检出率为62.19%(7,395/11,891),在COVID-19大流行之前和期间，平均病原体检出率为60.33%(4,635/7,682)和65.57%(2,670/4,209)，分别。腺病毒(ADV)的检出率,百日咳博德特氏菌（BP）和卡他莫拉氏菌（M.粘膜炎)急剧下降，而流感病毒（IFV）的检出率，副流感病毒（PIV），呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV），流感嗜血杆菌（H.流感），肺炎链球菌(S.肺炎），和金黄色葡萄球菌(S.金黄色葡萄球菌）在COVID-19大流行期间显著增加。总的来说,RSV,肺炎支原体（MP），流感嗜血杆菌，在COVID-19大流行之前和期间，IFV和IFV是导致住院儿童LRTI的主要病原体。
■预防COVID-19的公共卫生干预措施有利于通过限制ADV的患病率来降低儿童LRTI的发病率，MP,BP,和粘膜炎分枝杆菌,但对其他常见的LRTIs相关病原体的限制性作用有限。总的来说，本研究的数据全面调查了COVID-19大流行对呼吸道病原体流行病学特征的影响，这将有利于改进早期预防措施。
