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Abstract：
The central nervous system (CNS) is home to neuronal and glial cells. Traditionally, glia was disregarded as just the structural support across the brain and spinal cord, in striking contrast to neurons, always considered critical players in CNS functioning. In modern times this outdated dogma is continuously repelled by new evidence unravelling the importance of glia in neuronal maintenance and function. Therefore, glia replacement has been considered a potentially powerful therapeutic strategy. Glial progenitors are at the center of this hope, as they are the source of new glial cells. Indeed, sophisticated experimental therapies and exciting clinical trials shed light on the utility of exogenous glia in disease treatment. Therefore, this review article will elaborate on glial-restricted progenitor cells (GRPs), their origin and characteristics, available sources, and adaptation to current therapeutic approaches aimed at various CNS diseases, with particular attention paid to myelin-related disorders with a focus on recent progress and emerging concepts. The landscape of GRP clinical applications is also comprehensively presented, and future perspectives on promising, GRP-based therapeutic strategies for brain and spinal cord diseases are described in detail.
摘要：
中枢神经系统(CNS)是神经元和神经胶质细胞的家园。传统上,胶质细胞被认为只是大脑和脊髓的结构支撑，与神经元形成鲜明对比的是，一直被认为是中枢神经系统功能的关键参与者。在现代，这种过时的教条不断被新的证据所排斥，这些证据揭示了神经胶质在神经元维持和功能中的重要性。因此,胶质细胞置换被认为是一种潜在有效的治疗策略.神经胶质祖细胞是这个希望的中心，因为它们是新神经胶质细胞的来源。的确,复杂的实验疗法和令人兴奋的临床试验揭示了外源性神经胶质在疾病治疗中的效用。因此,本文将详细阐述胶质细胞限制性祖细胞（GRP），它们的起源和特征，可用的来源,适应目前针对各种中枢神经系统疾病的治疗方法，特别关注髓鞘相关疾病，重点关注最新进展和新兴概念。还全面介绍了GRP临床应用的前景，和未来的前景，详细描述了基于GRP的脑和脊髓疾病的治疗策略。
