PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In recent years, there has been a notable rise in the number of patients afflicted with laryngeal diseases, including cancer, trauma, and other ailments leading to voice loss. Currently, the market is witnessing a pressing demand for medical and healthcare products designed to assist individuals with voice defects, prompting the invention of the artificial throat (AT). This user-friendly device eliminates the need for complex procedures like phonation reconstruction surgery. Therefore, in this review, we will initially give a careful introduction to the intelligent AT, which can act not only as a sound sensor but also as a thin-film sound emitter. Then, the sensing principle to detect sound will be discussed carefully, including capacitive, piezoelectric, electromagnetic, and piezoresistive components employed in the realm of sound sensing. Following this, the development of thermoacoustic theory and different materials made of sound emitters will also be analyzed. After that, various algorithms utilized by the intelligent AT for speech pattern recognition will be reviewed, including some classical algorithms and neural network algorithms. Finally, the outlook, challenge, and conclusion of the intelligent AT will be stated. The intelligent AT presents clear advantages for patients with voice impairments, demonstrating significant social values.
摘要：
近年来,患有喉部疾病的患者数量显着增加，包括癌症,创伤,以及其他导致失音的疾病。目前,市场对旨在帮助有语音缺陷的个人的医疗和保健产品的迫切需求，促使人工咽喉(AT)的发明。这种用户友好的设备消除了复杂的程序，如语音重建手术的需要。因此,在这次审查中,我们将首先仔细介绍智能AT，它不仅可以作为声音传感器，还可以作为薄膜声音发射器。然后，将仔细讨论检测声音的传感原理，包括电容，压电，电磁，和压阻元件用于声音传感领域。在此之后,还将分析热声理论的发展以及由声音发射器制成的不同材料。之后,将审查智能AT用于语音模式识别的各种算法，包括一些经典算法和神经网络算法。最后,前景,挑战,并对智能AT的结论进行说明。智能AT为语音障碍患者提供了明显的优势，展示重要的社会价值。
