PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The local pig breeds in Guizhou possess exceptional meat quality, robust adaptability, and resilience to harsh feeding conditions, making them ideal for producing high-quality pork. With over 10 local pig breeds in the region, we focused on 7 specific breeds: Baixi pigs (BX), Congjiang Xiang pigs (CJX), Guanling pigs (GL), Jianhe White Xiang pigs (JHBX), Jiangkou Luobo pigs (JKLB), Kele pigs (KL), and Qiandong Hua pigs (QDH). Unfortunately, these breeds face threats such as introduced species and inbreeding, resulting in a decline in population size and numbers. To better protect and utilize these breeds, we employed genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to investigate the population structure, genetic diversity, and selection characteristics of 283 pigs across these seven breeds. Our findings revealed distinct ancestral sources between Chinese and Western pig breeds, as demonstrated by principal component analysis, adjacent tree analysis, and ADMIXTURE analysis. Notably, JHBX exhibited a distant genetic relationship from the other six local pig breeds in Guizhou province, showcasing unique genetic characteristics. While the genetic diversity of the six Chinese native pig populations, excluding JHBX, was generally moderate in Guizhou province, the JHBX population displayed low genetic diversity. Therefore, it is imperative to intensify selection efforts to prevent inbreeding decline in JHBX while further enhancing the protection measures for the other six pig populations. Additionally, we identified candidate genes influencing the size disparity among pigs in Guizhou province through signal selection. Our study outcomes serve as a reference for developing effective conservation and utilization plans for pig breeds in Guizhou province and deepen our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying pig body size.
摘要：
贵州当地猪种具有优异的肉质，强大的适应性，以及对恶劣喂养条件的适应能力，使它们成为生产优质猪肉的理想选择。该地区有10多个本地猪品种，我们专注于7个特定的品种：白溪猪（BX），从江香猪（CJX），关岭猪（GL），剑河白香猪（JHBX），江口罗博猪(JKLB),基尔猪（KL），和黔东华猪（QDH）。不幸的是,这些品种面临着诸如引进物种和近亲繁殖等威胁，导致人口规模和数量的下降。为了更好地保护和利用这些品种，我们使用全基因组单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记来研究种群结构，遗传多样性,以及这七个品种283头猪的选择特征。我们的发现揭示了中国和西方猪品种之间不同的祖先来源，正如主成分分析所证明的那样，相邻树分析，和混合物分析。值得注意的是,JHBX与贵州省其他六个地方猪品种表现出遥远的遗传关系，展示独特的遗传特征。而中国六个土猪群体的遗传多样性，不包括JHBX，贵州省总体上是温和的，JHBX群体的遗传多样性较低。因此,必须加强选择工作，以防止JHBX近亲繁殖下降，同时进一步加强对其他六个猪种群的保护措施。此外,我们通过信号选择确定了影响贵州省猪之间大小差异的候选基因。我们的研究结果可为制定有效的贵州省猪品种保护和利用计划提供参考，并加深我们对猪体型遗传机制的理解。
