PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Back pain is common in ridden horses. Back diseases in horses include Impinging Dorsal Spinous Processes, Ventral Spondylosis, Osteoarthritis of Articular Process, Intervertebral Discs Disease, Vertebral Fractures, Conformational Abnormalities, Desmopathy of the Supraspinous Ligament, Desmopathy of the Intraspinous Ligament, and Longissimus Muscle Strain. Back pain may also develop as a result of lameness (particularly hindlimb lameness). A poorly fitting saddle and an unbalanced rider are also considered important factors influencing the development of back pain in horses. The conventional diagnosis of equine back pain includes a clinical examination and diagnostic imaging examination using ultrasound, radiography, and thermography. Advanced diagnostic modalities of equine back pain involve the objectification of standard procedures through the use of algometers, a lameness locator, biometric mats, and the geometric morphometrics method. In addition to modern diagnostic methods, such as computed tomography and scintigraphy, advances in the diagnosis of equine back pain include the use of electromyography and functional electrical stimulation. The aim of this review article is to familiarize clinicians with the usefulness and capabilities of conventional diagnostic protocols and advanced diagnostic modalities. Although orthopedic examination and traditional diagnostic methods will remain the foundation of the diagnosis of back diseases, modern methods meet the growing expectations towards high-performance horses and allow for deeper diagnostics and objective monitoring of rehabilitation and training progress.
摘要：
背痛在骑马的马匹中很常见。马的背部疾病包括撞击背部棘突，腹侧脊椎病,关节突骨关节炎,椎间盘疾病,椎体骨折,构象异常,棘上韧带病变,脊柱内韧带病变,和背最长肌肌肉拉伤.背痛也可能是跛行（尤其是后肢跛行）的结果。不合适的鞍座和不平衡的骑手也被认为是影响马背痛发展的重要因素。马背痛的常规诊断包括临床检查和超声诊断影像学检查,射线照相术,和热成像。马背痛的先进诊断方式涉及通过使用algometers对标准程序进行客观化，跛行定位器，生物识别垫，和几何形态计量学方法。除了现代诊断方法，如计算机断层扫描和闪烁显像，马背痛诊断的进展包括肌电图和功能性电刺激。本文的目的是使临床医生熟悉常规诊断方案和高级诊断方式的有用性和能力。虽然骨科检查和传统的诊断方法仍将是诊断背部疾病的基础,现代方法可以满足人们对高性能马匹日益增长的期望，并可以对康复和训练进度进行更深入的诊断和客观的监控。
