PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The trunk of the basilar artery has not been included in microanatomy studies. Anatomical variants of the perforant branches of the vertebrobasilar trunk and their relationship with neural structures are very important in surgical approaches. Surgical dissection for the treatment of vascular lesions requires a perfect knowledge of the microsurgical anatomy.
METHODS: We conducted a descriptive analysis of 50 brains, which were fixed with formalin at 10% for 2 weeks, and the arterial system was injected with colored latex. After microsurgical dissection, it was divided into three segments: the lower portion went from the anterior spinal artery to the anteroinferior cerebellar artery, the middle segment was raised from the upper limit of the lower portion to the origin of the superior cerebellar artery, and the upper segment ranged from the previous portion until the origin of the posterior cerebral artery.
RESULTS: The basilar artery had an average length of 30 mm. The average diameter at its junction with the vertebral arteries was 4.05 mm. The average middle segment was 3.4 mm in diameter and 15.2 mm in length. The diameter of the upper segment was 4.2 mm, and its average length was 3.6 mm. The average number of bulbar arteries was three, and their average diameter was 0. 66 mm. The number of caudal perforator arteries were five on average, with a diameter of 0.32 mm. We found three rare cases of anatomical variants in the vertebra-basilar junction.
CONCLUSIONS: The basilar artery emits penetrating branches in its lower, middle, and upper portions. The origin of penetrating branches was single or divided after forming a trunk. However, we observed long branches from perforant arteries.
METHODS: We conducted a descriptive analysis of 50 brains, which were fixed with formalin at 10% for 2 weeks, and the arterial system was injected with colored latex. After microsurgical dissection, it was divided into three segments: the lower portion went from the anterior spinal artery to the anteroinferior cerebellar artery, the middle segment was raised from the upper limit of the lower portion to the origin of the superior cerebellar artery, and the upper segment ranged from the previous portion until the origin of the posterior cerebral artery.
RESULTS: The basilar artery had an average length of 30 mm. The average diameter at its junction with the vertebral arteries was 4.05 mm. The average middle segment was 3.4 mm in diameter and 15.2 mm in length. The diameter of the upper segment was 4.2 mm, and its average length was 3.6 mm. The average number of bulbar arteries was three, and their average diameter was 0. 66 mm. The number of caudal perforator arteries were five on average, with a diameter of 0.32 mm. We found three rare cases of anatomical variants in the vertebra-basilar junction.
CONCLUSIONS: The basilar artery emits penetrating branches in its lower, middle, and upper portions. The origin of penetrating branches was single or divided after forming a trunk. However, we observed long branches from perforant arteries.
摘要：
背景：基底动脉主干尚未纳入显微解剖学研究。椎基底动脉干穿孔分支的解剖变异及其与神经结构的关系在手术方法中非常重要。用于治疗血管病变的手术解剖需要对显微外科解剖学的完美了解。
方法：我们对50个大脑进行了描述性分析，用10%福尔马林固定2周，动脉系统注射有色乳胶。显微外科解剖后,它分为三段:下部从脊髓前动脉到小脑前下动脉，中段从下部的上限升高到小脑上动脉的起点，上段范围从上一部分到大脑后动脉的起源。
结果：基底动脉平均长度为30mm。其与椎动脉交界处的平均直径为4.05mm。平均中间段的直径为3.4mm，长度为15.2mm。上段的直径为4.2mm，平均长度为3.6毫米。球动脉的平均数目是3,它们的平均直径为0。66毫米。尾部穿支动脉的数量平均为5,直径为0.32毫米。我们在椎-基底交界处发现了三例罕见的解剖变异。
结论：基底动脉在其下部发出穿透分支，中间,和上部。形成树干后，穿透分支的起源是单一的或分开的。然而,我们观察到穿通动脉的长分支。
方法：我们对50个大脑进行了描述性分析，用10%福尔马林固定2周，动脉系统注射有色乳胶。显微外科解剖后,它分为三段:下部从脊髓前动脉到小脑前下动脉，中段从下部的上限升高到小脑上动脉的起点，上段范围从上一部分到大脑后动脉的起源。
结果：基底动脉平均长度为30mm。其与椎动脉交界处的平均直径为4.05mm。平均中间段的直径为3.4mm，长度为15.2mm。上段的直径为4.2mm，平均长度为3.6毫米。球动脉的平均数目是3,它们的平均直径为0。66毫米。尾部穿支动脉的数量平均为5,直径为0.32毫米。我们在椎-基底交界处发现了三例罕见的解剖变异。
结论：基底动脉在其下部发出穿透分支，中间,和上部。形成树干后，穿透分支的起源是单一的或分开的。然而,我们观察到穿通动脉的长分支。
