Abstract：
In this study, surface sediment samples were collected from Dongting Lake, Honghu Lake, and Chihu Lake, and the concentrations of 10 heavy metals were measured. Then, the potential risk of heavy metal accumulation was evaluated using the cumulative pollution index (Igeo), the enrichment factor (EF), and the potential ecological risk index (RI), and the sources were traced using correlation analysis (Pearson) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that the pollution and potential ecological risk of Cd were the most serious. The mean values of Cd in East Dongting Lake, Honghu Lake, and Chihu Lake were 2.85, 1.59, and 3.57 mg·kg-1, respectively. The concentrations of Cd were 25.87, 11.36, and 37.58 times higher than the soil background values of the corresponding provinces, which exceeded the risk screening value (0.6 mg·kg-1). Particularly, the Cd concentration of Chihu Lake exceeded the risk control value (3.0 mg·kg-1). Besides Cd, the concentration of As in Honghu Lake was also of concern. At the same time, the Cu, As, Zn, and Pb in Chihu Lake should not be neglected. The potential ecological risks of the three lakes were ranked as follows:Chihu Lake (RI=1 127)>East Dongting Lake (RI=831)>Honghu Lake (RI=421). The primary sources of heavy metals were industrial mining, agricultural production, and aquaculture, and some heavy metals (Mn and Cu) were from natural sources. This study was of great significance for the prevention and control of heavy metals in the sediments of typical lakes in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
摘要：
在这项研究中,从洞庭湖收集地表沉积物样品，洪湖,和赤湖，并测定了10种重金属的浓度。然后，使用累积污染指数(Igeo)评估了重金属积累的潜在风险，富集因子(EF)，和潜在生态风险指数(RI)，并使用相关分析(Pearson)和主成分分析(PCA)进行来源追踪。结果表明，Cd的污染和潜在生态风险最为严重。东洞庭湖Cd的平均值，洪湖,赤湖和赤湖分别为2.85、1.59和3.57mg·kg-1。Cd的浓度分别比相应省份的土壤背景值高25.87、11.36和37.58倍,超过风险筛查值(0.6mg·kg-1)。特别是,赤湖Cd浓度超过风险控制值(3.0mg·kg-1)。除了Cd,洪湖的As浓度也令人担忧。同时,铜，As,Zn,赤湖中的铅也不容忽视。三个湖泊的潜在生态风险排序为：赤湖（RI=1127）>东洞庭湖（RI=831）>洪湖（RI=421）。重金属的主要来源是工业采矿，农业生产,水产养殖,一些重金属(锰和铜)来自天然来源。该研究对长江中游典型湖泊沉积物中重金属的防治具有重要意义。
