Abstract：
In recent decades, the global rise of viral emerging infectious diseases has posed a substantial threat to both human and animal health worldwide. The rapid spread and accumulation of mutations into viruses, and the limited availability of antiviral drugs and vaccines, stress the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from natural sources present a promising avenue due to their specificity and effectiveness against a broad spectrum of pathogens. The present study focuses on investigating the antiviral potential of oreochromicin-1 (oreoch-1), a fish-derived AMP obtained from Nile tilapia, against a wide panel of animal viruses including canine distemper virus (CDV), Schmallenberg virus (SBV), caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1). Oreoch-1 exhibited a strong antiviral effect, demonstrating an inhibition of infection at concentrations in the micromolar range. The mechanism of action involves the interference with viral entry into host cells and a direct interaction between oreoch-1 and the viral envelope. In addition, we observed that the peptide could also interact with the cell during the CDV infection. These findings not only highlight the efficacy of oreoch-1 in inhibiting viral infection but also emphasize the potential of fish-derived peptides, specifically oreoch-1, as effective antiviral agents against viral infections affecting animals, whose potential to spill into humans is high. This research contributes valuable insights to the ongoing quest for novel antiviral drugs with the potential to mitigate the impact of infectious diseases on a global scale.
摘要：
近几十年来,病毒性新发传染病在全球范围内的兴起，对全世界的人类和动物健康构成了重大威胁。突变迅速传播和积累到病毒中，抗病毒药物和疫苗的供应有限，强调迫切需要替代治疗策略。源自天然来源的抗微生物肽(AMP)由于其针对广谱病原体的特异性和有效性而呈现有希望的途径。本研究的重点是调查Areochromicin-1（oreoch-1）的抗病毒潜力，从尼罗罗非鱼获得的鱼源AMP，对抗包括犬瘟热病毒（CDV）在内的一系列动物病毒，施马伦贝格病毒(SBV)山羊疱疹病毒1（CpHV-1），和牛疱疹病毒1（BoHV-1）。Oreoch-1表现出强烈的抗病毒作用，证明在微摩尔范围内的浓度下抑制感染。作用机制涉及干扰病毒进入宿主细胞以及oreoch-1和病毒包膜之间的直接相互作用。此外,我们观察到，在CDV感染期间，肽也可以与细胞相互作用。这些发现不仅突出了oreoch-1在抑制病毒感染方面的功效，而且强调了鱼类衍生肽的潜力，特别是oreoch-1，作为针对影响动物的病毒感染的有效抗病毒药物，它向人类扩散的可能性很高。这项研究为正在进行的新型抗病毒药物的探索提供了宝贵的见解，这些药物有可能减轻全球范围内传染病的影响。
