Abstract：
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play central roles in liver disease pathogenesis, spanning steatosis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These cells, located in the liver\'s sinusoidal space of Disse, transition from a quiescent, vitamin A-rich state to an activated, myofibroblast-like phenotype in response to liver injury. This activation results from a complex interplay of cytokines, growth factors, and oxidative stress, leading to excessive collagen deposition and liver fibrosis, a hallmark of chronic liver diseases. Recently, HSCs have gained recognition for their dynamic, multifaceted roles in liver health and disease. Attention has shifted toward their involvement in various liver conditions, including acute liver injury, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and liver regeneration. This review aims to explore diverse functions of HSCs in these acute or chronic liver pathologies, with a focus on their roles beyond fibrogenesis. HSCs exhibit a wide range of actions, including lipid storage, immunomodulation, and interactions with other hepatic and extrahepatic cells, making them pivotal in the hepatic microenvironment. Understanding HSC involvement in the progression of liver diseases can offer novel insights into pathogenic mechanisms and guide targeted therapeutic strategies for various liver conditions.
摘要：
肝星状细胞（HSC）在肝病发病机制中发挥重要作用，从脂肪变性到肝硬化和肝细胞癌。这些细胞,位于肝脏的正弦空间的Disse，从静止的过渡，维生素A丰富的状态激活，响应肝损伤的成肌纤维样表型。这种激活是由细胞因子的复杂相互作用引起的，生长因子，和氧化应激，导致过度的胶原蛋白沉积和肝纤维化，慢性肝病的标志.最近,HSC因其动态而获得认可，在肝脏健康和疾病中的多方面作用。注意力已经转移到他们参与各种肝脏疾病，包括急性肝损伤,酒精性和非酒精性脂肪性肝病，和肝脏再生。这篇综述旨在探讨HSC在这些急性或慢性肝脏病变中的不同功能。专注于它们在纤维发生之外的作用。HSC表现出广泛的作用，包括脂质储存，免疫调节,以及与其他肝细胞和肝外细胞的相互作用，使它们在肝脏微环境中举足轻重。了解HSC参与肝脏疾病的进展可以提供对致病机制的新见解，并指导各种肝脏疾病的靶向治疗策略。
