Abstract:
Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus) has become one of the main weeds in wheat fields in Hebei province of China and causes a large decrease of wheat production. A total of 44 putative resistant and 2 susceptible Japanese brome populations were collected in the 2021/2022 crop season from Hebei province of China to determine resistance levels to flucarbazone‑sodium and to investigate the diversity of acetolactate synthase (ALS) mutations, as well as to confirm the cross-and multiple-resistance levels to ALS and EPSPS (5-enolpyruvate shikimate-3-phosphate synthetase) inhibitors. Whole plant bioassay results showed that 15 out of 44 populations tested or 34% were resistant to flucarbazone‑sodium. The resistance indices of Japanese brome to flucarbazone‑sodium ranged from 43 to 1977. The resistant populations were mainly distributed in Baoding and Shijiazhuang districts, and there was only one resistant population in Langfang district. Resistant Japanese brome had diverse ALS mutations, including Pro-197-Ser, -Thr, -Arg and Asp-376-Glu. The incidence of Pro-197-Ser mutation was the highest at 68%. Application of the CYP450 inhibitor malathion suggested that CYP450 was involved in metabolic resistance in a population without an ALS mutation. The population with Pro-197-Thr mutation evolved weak cross-resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl and pyroxsulam, and it is in the process of evolving multiple-resistance to glyphosate.
摘要:
日本溴(Bromusjaponicus)已成为中国河北省麦田中的主要杂草之一,并导致小麦产量大幅下降。在2021/2022作物季节,从中国河北省收集了总共44个推定的抗性和2个易感的日本肉鸡种群,以确定对氟卡巴酮钠的抗性水平,并研究乙酰乳酸合酶(ALS)突变的多样性,以及确认对ALS和EPSPS(5-烯醇丙酮酸莽草酸-3-磷酸合成酶)抑制剂的交叉和多重抗性水平。整个植物生物测定结果表明,在测试的44个种群中,有15个种群或34%对氟卡巴酮钠具有抗性。日本溴化物对氟卡巴酮钠的抗性指数为43至1977年。抗性种群主要分布在保定和石家庄,廊坊地区只有一个抗病人群。日本抵抗药有不同的ALS突变,包括Pro-197-Ser,-Thr,-Arg和Asp-376-Glu.Pro-197-Ser突变的发生率最高,为68%。CYP450抑制剂马拉硫磷的应用表明CYP450参与无ALS突变的人群的代谢抗性。具有Pro-197-Thr突变的人群对甲基甲磺隆和吡嗪磺胺的交叉抗性较弱,它正在进化对草甘膦的多重抗性。