Abstract：
Amid growing environmental concerns and the imperative for sustainable agricultural practices, this study examines the potential of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria as biofertilizers, particularly in cotton cultivation. The reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers (SNFs), prevalent in modern agriculture, poses significant environmental challenges, including greenhouse gas emissions and water system contamination. This research aims to shift this paradigm by exploring the capacity of cyanobacteria as a natural and sustainable alternative. Utilizing advanced metabarcoding methods to analyze the 16S rRNA gene, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of soil bacterial communities within cotton fields. This study focused on evaluating the diversity, structure, taxonomic composition, and potential functional characteristics of these communities. Emphasis was placed on the isolation of native N2-fixing cyanobacteria strains rom cotton soils, and their subsequent effects on cotton growth. Results from our study demonstrate significant plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities, measured as N2 fixation, production of Phytohormones, Fe solubilization and biofertilization potential of five isolated cyanobacterial strains, underscoring their efficacy in cotton. These findings suggest a viable pathway for replacing chemical-synthetic nitrogen fertilizers with natural, organic alternatives. The reintegration of these beneficial species into agricultural ecosystems can enhance crop growth while fostering a balanced microbial environment, thus contributing to the broader goals of global sustainable agriculture.
摘要：
在日益增长的环境问题和可持续农业实践的必要性中，这项研究考察了固氮蓝细菌作为生物肥料的潜力，特别是棉花种植。对合成氮肥(SNFs)的依赖，在现代农业中普遍存在，带来了重大的环境挑战，包括温室气体排放和水系统污染。这项研究旨在通过探索蓝细菌作为自然和可持续替代品的能力来改变这种范式。利用先进的元编码方法分析16SrRNA基因，我们对棉田内的土壤细菌群落进行了全面评估。这项研究的重点是评估多样性，结构,分类组成，以及这些社区的潜在功能特征。重点放在从棉土中分离天然的固氮蓝细菌菌株，以及它们对棉花生长的后续影响。我们的研究结果表明，显著的植物生长促进（PGP）活性，测量为N2固定，植物激素的生产，五种分离的蓝细菌菌株的铁溶解和生物受精潜力，强调它们在棉花中的功效。这些发现表明了用天然的化学合成氮肥代替化学合成氮肥的可行途径。有机替代品这些有益物种重新融入农业生态系统可以促进作物生长，同时培养平衡的微生物环境，从而为全球可持续农业的更广泛目标做出贡献。
