Abstract：
Human photoreceptors consist of cones, rods, and melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). First studied in circadian regulation and pupillary control, ipRGCs project to a variety of brain centers suggesting a broader involvement beyond non-visual functions. IpRGC responses are stable, long-lasting, and with a particular codification of photoreceptor signals. In comparison with the transient and adaptive nature of cone and rod signals, ipRGCs\' signaling might provide an ecological advantage to different attributes of color vision. Previous studies have indicated melanopsin\'s influence on visual responses yet its contribution to color perception in humans remains debated. We summarized evidence and hypotheses (from physiology, psychophysics, and natural image statistics) about direct and indirect involvement of ipRGCs in human color vision, by first briefly assessing the current knowledge about the role of melanopsin and ipRGCs in vision and codification of spectral signals. We then approached the question about melanopsin activation eliciting a color percept, discussing studies using the silent substitution method. Finally, we explore various avenues through which ipRGCs might impact color perception indirectly, such as through involvement in peripheral color matching, post-receptoral pathways, color constancy, long-term chromatic adaptation, and chromatic induction. While there is consensus about the role of ipRGCs in brightness perception, confirming its direct contribution to human color perception requires further investigation. We proposed potential approaches for future research, emphasizing the need for empirical validation and methodological thoroughness to elucidate the exact role of ipRGCs in human color vision.
摘要：
人类光感受器由视锥细胞组成，棒,和表达黑素的固有光敏视网膜神经节细胞（ipRGC）。首次研究昼夜节律调节和瞳孔控制，ipRGC项目涉及各种大脑中心，表明除了非视觉功能之外，还涉及更广泛的参与。IpRGC反应稳定，持久的,并对感光器信号进行了特殊的编码。与锥杆信号的瞬态和自适应特性相比，ipRGC信号可能为色觉的不同属性提供生态优势。先前的研究表明，黑视素对视觉反应的影响，但其对人类颜色感知的贡献仍存在争议。我们总结了证据和假设(从生理学，心理物理学,和自然图像统计)关于ipRGC直接和间接参与人类色觉，首先简要评估有关黑视素和ipRGC在视觉和光谱信号编码中的作用的当前知识。然后，我们探讨了有关黑素激活引起颜色感知的问题，讨论使用沉默替代法的研究。最后,我们探索了ipRGC可能间接影响颜色感知的各种途径，例如通过参与外围颜色匹配，后接待途径，颜色恒定性，长期的色彩适应，和色度感应。虽然人们对ipRGC在亮度感知中的作用达成了共识，确认其对人类颜色感知的直接贡献需要进一步研究。我们提出了未来研究的潜在方法，强调需要经验验证和方法论的彻底性，以阐明ipRGC在人类色觉中的确切作用。
