PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Individuals with flatfoot have impaired proprioception owing to ligament laxity and impaired tendons, which can result in poor balance. Foot orthoses (FOs) have been reported to stimulate plantar mechanical receptors and are used to manage foot overpronation in individuals with flatfoot. However, the results of the use of FOs to improve balance are inconsistent. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to identify and investigate the effects of FOs on balance in individuals with flatfoot. Electronic databases were searched for articles published before March 2023. Peer-reviewed journal studies that included adult participants with flexible flatfoot and reported the effects of FOs on balance were included and classified based on the study design: randomized control trials (RCT) and non-RCTs. Four RCT studies were retained, and their methodological quality was assessed (mean, 63.2%; range 47.3%-73.1%: high), as were three non-RCT studies (mean, 54.1%; range, 42.1%-68.4%: high). Meta-analysis was performed by calculating the effect size using the standardized mean differences between the control and FO conditions. Transverse-arch insoles immediately improved static balance after use. However, no immediate significant effect was found for medial archsupport FOs, cuboid-posting FOs, or University of California Berkeley Laboratory FOs during the study period (2-5 weeks) when compared with the controls. The transverse-arch insole is the most effective FO feature for improving static balance. However, the high heterogeneity between study protocols contributes to the lack of evidence for the effects of FO on balance in people with flatfoot.
摘要：
平足患者由于韧带松弛和肌腱受损，本体感觉受损，这可能导致不平衡。据报道，足部矫形器（FOs）可以刺激足底机械受体，并用于治疗扁平足患者的足部过度内翻。然而,使用FOs改善平衡的结果不一致。在这篇系统综述和荟萃分析中，我们旨在确定和研究FOs对扁平足患者平衡的影响。在电子数据库中搜索了2023年3月之前发表的文章。同行评审的期刊研究纳入了具有灵活扁平足的成年参与者，并报告了FOs对平衡的影响，并根据研究设计进行了分类：随机对照试验（RCT）和非RCT。保留了四项RCT研究，并评估了他们的方法学质量(平均值，63.2%；范围47.3%-73.1%：高），以及三项非RCT研究(平均值，54.1%;范围,42.1%-68.4%：高）。通过使用对照和FO条件之间的标准化平均差异计算效应大小进行荟萃分析。横向拱形鞋垫使用后立即改善静态平衡。然而,对于内侧弓支FOs没有发现立即的显着效果，长方体张贴FOs,或加州大学伯克利分校实验室FOs在研究期间（2-5周）与对照组相比。横向拱形鞋垫是改善静态平衡的最有效的FO特征。然而,研究方案之间的高度异质性导致缺乏FO对扁平足患者平衡影响的证据。
