PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Streptococci are primary colonizers of the oral cavity where they are ubiquitously present and an integral part of the commensal oral biofilm microflora. The role oral streptococci play in the interaction with the host is ambivalent. On the one hand, they function as gatekeepers of homeostasis and are a prerequisite for the maintenance of oral health - they shape the oral microbiota, modulate the immune system to enable bacterial survival, and antagonize pathogenic species. On the other hand, also recognized pathogens, such as oral Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, which trigger the onset of dental caries belong to the genus Streptococcus. In the context of periodontitis, oral streptococci as excellent initial biofilm formers have an accessory function, enabling late biofilm colonizers to inhabit gingival pockets and cause disease. The pathogenic potential of oral streptococci fully unfolds when their dissemination into the bloodstream occurs; streptococcal infection can cause extra-oral diseases, such as infective endocarditis and hemorrhagic stroke. In this review, the taxonomic diversity of oral streptococci, their role and prevalence in the oral cavity and their contribution to oral health and disease will be discussed, focusing on the virulence factors these species employ for interactions at the host interface.
摘要：
链球菌是口腔中普遍存在的主要定殖者，是共生口腔生物膜菌群的组成部分。口腔链球菌在与宿主相互作用中的作用是矛盾的。一方面,它们充当体内平衡的看门人，是维持口腔健康的先决条件-它们塑造口腔微生物群，调节免疫系统使细菌存活，并拮抗致病物种。另一方面,也被认可的病原体，如口腔变形链球菌和sobrinus链球菌，引发龋齿的发作属于链球菌属。在牙周炎的背景下，口腔链球菌作为优良的初始生物膜形成剂具有辅助功能，使晚期生物膜定植者能够栖息在牙龈袋中并引起疾病。当口腔链球菌传播到血液中时，其致病潜力完全展开;链球菌感染可导致口腔外疾病，如感染性心内膜炎和出血性中风。在这次审查中,口腔链球菌的分类多样性，将讨论它们在口腔中的作用和患病率以及它们对口腔健康和疾病的贡献，重点关注这些物种用于宿主界面相互作用的毒力因子。
